沈括（1031－1095），字存中，号梦溪丈人，杭州钱塘（今浙江杭州）人，北宋科学家、改革家。晚年以平生见闻，在镇江梦溪园撰写了笔记体巨著《梦溪笔谈》。一位非常博学多才、成就显著的科学家，我国历史上最卓越的科学家之一。精通天文、数学、物理学、化学、地质学、气象学、地理学、农学和医学；他还是卓越的工程师、出色的外交家。
Shen Kuo (1031 - 1095), courtesy named Cunzhong, with the pseudonym of Mengxi Zhangren, was born in Qiantang, Hangzhou (now Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province), and was a polymathic scientist and reformer in the Northern Song Dynasty. In his old age, Shen Kuo wrote the great note-taking styled work Mengxi Bitan (Dream Pool Essays) in the Mengxi Garden of Zhejiang, which is based on his life experiences. He was a versatile and outstanding scientist in Chinese history. He excelled at astronomy, mathematics, physics, chemistry, geology, meteorology, geography, agronomy and medicine. He was also an excellent engineer and diplomat.
中文名：沈括
Chinese name: Chen Kuo
别名：存中，梦溪丈人
Other names: Cunzhong and Mengxi Zhangren
国籍：北宋
Citizenship: Northern Song Dynasty
民族：汉族
Nationality: Han
出生地：杭州钱塘（今浙江杭州）
Birth place: Qiantang, Hangzhou (now Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province)
出生日期：1031年
Year of birth: 1031
逝世日期：1095年
Year of death: 1095
职业：科学家，改革家，政治家，外交家
Profession: scientist, reformer, statesman and diplomat