Sima Guang 司马光

司马光（1019年11月17日－1086年）初字公实，更字君实，号迂夫，晚号迂叟，司马池之子。汉族，出生于河南省光山县，司马光是北宋政治家、文学家、史学家，历仕仁宗、英宗、神宗、哲宗四朝，卒赠太师、温国公，谥文正。他主持编纂了中国历史上第一部编年体通史《资治通鉴》。司马光为人温良谦恭、刚正不阿，其人格堪称儒学教化下的典范，历来受人景仰。
Sima Guang (Nov. 17th, 1019-1086), courtesy named first as Gongshi and then as Junshi, also known as Yufu and later as Yusou, son of Sima Chi, was of the Han nationality, from Guangshan county of Henan province. He was a statesman, member of the literati and historian of the Northern Song Dynasty, and served for the Emperors Renzong, Yingzong, Shenzong, and Zhezong. On his death, he was bestowed with the title of Taishi (grand tutor) and Wenguogong (State Lord Wen), as well as the posthumous name of Wenzheng. He took charge of the compiling of Zizhi Tongjian (Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government), the first historical chronicle in Chinese history. Sima Guang was kind, modest and upright, a model of Confucian behaviour, and was greatly revered by later generations.
中文名：司马光
Chinese name: Sima Guang
外文名：Sima Guang
Foreign name: Sima Guang
别名：字公实、君实，号迂夫，晚号迂叟
Other names：Courtesy name Gongshi and Junshi, and pseudonym Yufu and Yusou
国籍：中国（北宋）
Citizenship: Chinese (Northern Song Dynasty)
民族：汉族
Nationality: Han
出生地：陕州夏县（今属山西）涑水乡
Birth place: Sushui Township, Xiaxiang County, Shan prefecture (what now is Shaanxi province)
出生日期：北宋天禧三年（公元1019年）
Year of birth: 1019, the third year of Tianxi reign of the Northern Song Dynasty
逝世日期：北宋元祐元年（公元1086年）
Year of death: 1086, the first year of Yuanyou reign of the Northern Song Dynasty
职业：北宋政治家、文学家、史学家
Profession: statesman, member of the literati and historian
主要成就：主持编纂《资治通鉴》
Major achievement: Taking charge of the compiling of Zizhi Tongjian (Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government)
代表作品：《通鉴举要历》八十卷、《稽古录》二十卷
Representative works: 80- volume Essential Elements of Zizhi Tongjian and 20- volume Jigu Lu (Records of Historical Research)