Learn Chinese Idioms-- làn yú chōng shù 滥竽充数

-làn yú chōng shù

 

【解释】： 滥：失实的，假的。不会吹竽的人混在吹竽的队伍里充数。比喻无本领的冒充有本领，次货冒充好货。

 

【成语故事】：

 

　　滥竽充数这则成语的滥是失实，与真实不符，引申为蒙混的意思；竽是一种簧管乐器；充数是凑数。指没有真才实学的人混在行家里充数，或是以次充好，有时也用作自谦之辞。

　　这个成语来源于《韩非子.内储说上》，齐宣王使人吹竿，必三百人。南郭处士请为王吹竽，宣王说之，廪食以数百人。宣王死，潜王立，好一一听之，处士逃。

　　战国时期，齐宣王非常喜欢听人吹竽，而且喜欢许多人一起合奏给他听，所以齐宣王派人到处搜罗能吹善奏的乐工，组成了一支三百人的吹竽乐队。而那些被挑选入宫的乐师，受到了特别优厚的待遇。

　　当时，有一个游手好闲、不务正业的浪荡子弟，名叫南郭。他听说齐宣王有这种嗜好，就一心想混进那个乐队，便设法求见宣王，向他吹嘘自己是一名了不起的 乐师，博得了宣王的欢心，把他编入了吹竽的乐师班里。可笑的是，这位南郭先生根本不会吹竽。每当乐队给齐宣王吹奏的时候，他就混在队伍里，学着别的乐工的 样子，摇头晃脑，东摇西摆，装模做样地在那儿吹奏。因为他学得维妙维肖，又由于是几百人在一起吹奏，齐宣王也听不出谁会谁不会。就这样，南郭混了好几年， 不但没有露出一丝破绽，而且还和别的乐工一样领到一份优厚的赏赐，过着舒适的生活。

　　后来，齐宣王死了，他儿子齐潜王继位，潜王同样爱听吹竽。只有一点不同，他不喜欢合奏，而喜欢乐师门一个个单独吹给他听。

　　南郭先生听到这个消息后，吓得浑身冒汗，整天提心吊胆的。心想，这回要露出马脚来了，丢饭碗是小事，要是落个欺君犯上的罪名，连脑袋也保不住了。所以，趁潜王还没叫他演奏，就赶紧溜走了。 

 

 

Learn Chinese--làn yú chōng shù

 

No More Tricks, Mr. Nan Guo! (Pretending to Play the Yu to Retain His Position in the Orchestra) 

In the period of the Warring States (475-221 BC), there was a state called Qi. The king of Qi was so fond of the yu, a wind instrument, that he had a band of more than 300 musicians play for him every afternoon. The king was most satisfied with the band and the harmonies they performed. 

 

Little did the king know that a member of the band, Nan Guo, was not even a musician. In fact, Nan Guo knew nothing about the yu. But he somehow managed to pass himself off as a yu player by sitting right at the back, pretending to play the instrument. The king was none the wiser.

 

But Nan Guo's charade came to an end when the king's son succeeded him. 

 

The new king, unlike his father, preferred solos to full orchestral performances. The king would therefore summon musicians to perform individually. 

 

Of course, Nan Guo's tomfoolery was exposed in no time, and he found himself without.