Mupamipa: the Myth of Creation of Lagu Ethnicity 牡帕密帕

时间：2006年
Date: 2006
类别：民间文学
Category: Folklore Literature
地区：云南
Region: Yunan Province
编号：Ⅰ—4
Project No. I-4
申报地区或单位：云南省思茅市
Name of Applicant (region or institution): Simao City, Yunan Province
牡帕密帕是拉祜族“波阔嘎阔”演唱的一部长篇诗体创世神话，流传于云南省思茅市澜沧拉祜族自治县境内。全诗共17个篇章，2300行，内容叙述造天地日月、造万物和人类以及人类初始阶段的生存状况等，是拉祜族人民传承历史悠久的口述文学精品。
Mupamima is a long-text, poetic myth of creation sung by Bokuogakuo of the Lagu Ethnicity, which circulates in Lancang Lagu Ethnicity Autonomous County, Simao, Yunan Province. The total poem falls into 17 stanzas, 2,300 lines, describing the creation of heaven, earth, the sun and the moon, the creation of all things and man, and living conditions of mankind during the primitive stage. It is a time-honored, premium dictation literature inherited by the people of Lagu Ethnicity.
牡帕密帕由“嘎木科”（会唱诗的人）和“魔巴”（宗教活动主持者）主唱，也可有多人伴唱或多人轮唱；歌词通俗简练，格律固定，对偶句居多。曲调优美动听，调式因地域不同而有差异，演唱以字行腔，有说唱的特点。牡帕密帕在拉祜族的传统节日、宗教活动或农闲期间说唱，唱者声情并茂，听者如痴如醉，说唱往往通宵达旦，参加者无不兴致盎然。
Mupamima is usually sung by two chief singers, Kamuke (someone who is capable of chanting poems) and Moba (host of religious activities) and can also be performed by many together or by a dozen in turn. The words are lucid and terse, with fixed rhyming scheme and regular couplets. The tune is pleasing to ear and the tone varies as the region while the singing follows the words for tune, with sort of chant and narration. It is basically performed on traditional festivals of Lagu Ethnicity, at religious ceremonies or during the break of farming seasons. The singers put all their heart into it as they perform while the listeners seem to be intoxicated. The activities usually last throughout the night and all participants would be enjoying themselves very excitedly all along.
牡帕密帕是拉祜族历史文化研究不可或缺的宝贵资料，是拉祜族文化的载体，也是维系拉祜族精神生活的纽带。但由于受现代文化的冲击，这一创世神话濒临失传，后继乏人。目前，澜沧拉祜族自治县境内能完整演唱该曲目的仅剩1至2人。
Mupamipa looms as an indispensible, invaluable asset of Lagu Ethnicity for historical and cultural studies; it also serves as the cultural carrier of Lagu Ethnicity as well as the bond of spiritual life of Lagu Ethnicity. However, due to the impact of modern culture, the myth of creation is now being endangered without people to inherit it. At present, only one to two persons can accomplish the whole performance in Lancang Lagu Ethnicity Autonomous County.
相关传承人:
The folklore story-teller:
李扎戈 李扎倮
Li Zhage and Li Zhaluo