Wen Tianxiang 文天祥

文天祥（1236年6月6日－1283年1月9日），汉族，吉州庐陵（今江西吉安县）人，南宋民族英雄，初名云孙，字天祥。选中贡士后，换以天祥为名，改字履善。宝祐四年（1256年）中状元后再改字宋瑞，后因住过文山，而号文山，又有号浮休道人。文天祥以忠烈名传后世，受俘期间，元世祖以高官厚禄劝降，文天祥宁死不屈，从容赴义，生平事迹被后世称许，与陆秀夫、张世杰被称为"宋末三杰"。
Wen Tianxiang (Jun. 6th, 1236-Jan. 9th, 1283), of the Han nationality, was from Luling of Jizhou (now Ji'an county of Jiangxi province), and was a national hero of the Southern Song Dynasty. His original name was Yunsun and his courtesy name was Tianxiang. After he won the title of Gongshi (local examination, lower than imperial examination, Jinshi), he changed his name to Tianxiang and his courtesy name to Lvshan. In 1256, he became Zhuangyuan (the top candidate of imperial examination) and once again changed his courtesy name, this time to Songrui. After that, as he once lived in Wenshan, he finally took the pseudonym of Wenshan in addition to the other pseudonym Fuxiu Daoren. Wen Tianxiang was well-known among the later generations for his loyalty and tenacity. When he was captured, he was persuaded to surrender by Emperor Shizu of the Yuan Dynasty with the benefits of high official titles and high pay, but Wen Tianxiang would rather die than surrender, which won him the approval of later generations. Wen Tianxiang, together with Lu Xiufu and Zhang Shijie, was named as one of the "three heroes in the later period of Song Dynasty".
中文名：文天祥
Chinese name: Wen Tianxiang
国籍：宋
Citizenship: Song Dynasty
民族：汉
Nationality: Han
出生地：江西吉州庐陵县（江西吉安）富川
Birth place: Fuchuan, Luling County, Jizhou, Jiangxi province (now Ji'an County, Jiangxi province)
出生日期：1236年6月6日
Date of birth: Jun. 6th, 1236
逝世日期：1283年1月9日
Date of death: Jan. 9th, 1283
代表作品：《过零丁洋》，《正气歌》
Representative works: Guo Lingdingyang (Across the Lingding Sea), Zhengqi Ge (Song of Righteousness)