Tea Drinking Customs in South-East Asian Countries 东南亚国家的饮茶习俗

东南亚主要的饮茶国家有越南、老挝、柬埔寨、缅甸、泰国、新加坡、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、菲律宾、文莱等。这些国家人民，受华人饮茶风习影响，历来就有饮茶习俗。饮茶方式也多种多样：既有饮绿茶、红茶的，也有饮乌龙茶、普洱茶、花茶的；既有饮热茶的，也有饮冰茶的；既有饮清茶的，也有饮调味茶的。平时可见到以下几种特色饮茶方式：
The major south-east Asian countries wher people drink tea include Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Burma, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Brunei, etc. People in these countries were influenced by Chinese people who have the custom of drinking tea, so they have tea drinking custom for a long time. The way of drinking tea is varied: they drink green tea and black tea as well as oolong, Pu’er tea and scented tea; they drink hot tea and iced tea; they drink tea without anything and flavored tea. Some characteristic ways of drinking tea in life include:
越南的玳玳花茶
Vietnamese Orange Blossom Tea
越南毗邻中国广西，饮茶风俗与中国广西有些相仿。此外，他们还喜欢饮一种玳玳花茶。玳玳花洁白馨香，越南人喜欢把玳玳花晒干后，放上3－5朵，和茶叶一起冲泡饮用。由于这种茶是由玳玳花和茶两者相融，所以叫玳玳花茶。玳玳花茶有止痛、去痰、解毒等功效。一经冲泡后，绿中透出点点白的花蕾，煞是好看；喝起来又芳香可口。如此饮茶，饶有情趣。
Vietnam is close to Guangxi, China, so the tea drinking customs there are a little similar to those in Guangxi. In addition, they also like drinking orange blossom tea. The orange blossom is pure white and fragrant. Vietnamese people like to dry the orange blossoms in the sun then make tea with 3-5 dried flowers. Since such tea is a mixture of orange blossoms and tea, it is called orange blossom tea. The orange blossom tea has the function of relieving pain, making expectoration easy and detoxifying, etc. When the orange blossom tea is mixed with water, many white flower buds emerge in the green, which is very beautiful; when you drink it, you will feel it is fragrant and tastes delicious. Drinking tea in this way is very interesting.

新加坡和马来西亚肉骨茶
Singaporean and Malaysian Bak Kut Teh
肉骨茶，就是一边吃肉骨，一边喝茶。肉骨，多选用新鲜带瘦肉的排骨，也有用猪蹄、牛肉或鸡肉的。烧制时，肉骨先用作料进行烹调，文火炖熟。有的还会放上党参、枸杞、熟地等滋补名贵药材，使肉骨变得更加清香味美，而且能补气生血，富有营养。而茶叶则大多选自福建产的乌龙茶，如大红袍、铁观音之类。吃肉骨茶时，有一条不成文的规定，就是人们在吃肉骨时，必须饮茶。如今，肉骨茶已成为一种大众化的食品，肉骨茶的配料也应运而生。在新加坡、以来西亚，以及中国的香港特别行政区等地的一些超市内，都可买到适合自己口味的肉骨茶配料。
Bak Kut Teh means that people enjoy meat and bone meal while drinking tea. The meat and bone is mainly fresh pork ribs with lean meat. Pig’s feet, beef or chicken are also chosen. People will cook the meat and bone with condiments and stew them with gentle heat. Some people will put in some precious nutritious medicinal materials such as Codonopsis pilosula, Lycium barbarum and Rehmannia Glutinosa etc. which make the meat and bone more fragrant and delicious and make them nourish our vitality and blood as well as being nutritious. Most of the tea is oolong that comes from Fujian, including Dahongpao tea and Tie Guanyin, etc. There is an unwritten rule for drinking Bak Kut Teh, namely when eating meat and bone, people must drink tea. Nowadays, the Bak Kut Teh has become popular food and its ingredients also change as the times require. In some supermarkets in Singapore, Malaysia and Chinese Hong Kong Special Administrative Region we can buy Bak Kut Teh ingredients suitable for us.

泰国腌茶
Thai Preserved Tea
泰国北部地区，与中国云南接壤，这里的人们有喜欢吃腌茶的风俗，其法与出自中国云南少数民族的制作腌茶一样，通常在雨季腌制。腌茶，其实是一道菜，吃时将它和香料拌和后，放进嘴里细嚼。又因这里气候炎热，空气潮湿，而用时吃腌菜，又香又凉，所以，腌茶成了当地世代相传的一道家常菜。
In northern Thailand, which borders on China, people have the custom of eating preserved tea. This method is the same as the way of making preserved tea used by ethnic minorities in Yunnan, China. The tea is usually preserved in rainy season. The preserved tea is a dish which is eaten by mixing with spices then chewing it slowly. Since the climate there is hot and moist, drinking preserved tea while eating preserved vegetables is delicious and refreshing. Therefore, the preserved tea becomes a home-cooked dish passed on from generation to generation in Thailand.

印度尼西亚的冰茶
Indonesian Iced Tea
在一日三餐中，印度尼西亚人民认为中餐比早、晚餐更重要，饭菜的品种花样也比较多。但他们有个习惯，不管春、夏、秋、冬，吃完中餐以后，不是喝热茶，而是要喝一碗冰冷的冰茶。冰茶通常用红茶冲泡而成，再加入一些糖和作料，随即放入冰箱，随时取饮。
Of the three daily meals, the Indonesian people think lunch is more important than breakfast and supper and there a great variety of dishes. However, they have a habit that no matter in spring, summer, autumn or winter, they don’t drink hot tea but a bowl of iced tea. The iced tea is usually made of black tea with some sugar and ingredients. After that, it is put in the fridge. One can take it out whenever they want to drink it.