Liaozhai rustic songs (liqu) 聊斋俚曲

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：民间音乐
Category: Folk Music
地区：山东
Region: Shandong Province
编号：Ⅱ-22
Ref. No.: Ⅱ-22
申报地区或单位：山东省淄博市
Nominating unit[s]: Zibo city, Shandong Province
聊斋俚曲的流传地区主要在山东省淄博市，蒲氏家族及后人是其主要传承者。聊斋俚曲是清初大文学家蒲松龄将自己创作的唱本配以当时流传的俗曲时调而形成的一种独特的音乐文学体裁，因蒲松龄的斋名为"聊斋"，故称"聊斋俚曲"，也有人称"蒲松龄俚曲"。
Liaozhai rustic songs are popular mainly in Zibo city, Shandong Province, and the Pu family and their offspring are the main inheritors of Liaozhai rustic songs. It is a unique form of music and literature. Its musical scripts were created by Pu Songling, a famous writer in the early period of the Qing dynasty, who set his writing to the local tunes and thus created the musical form of Liaozhai rustic songs. As the house of Pu Songling is also called "Liaozhai", this musical form is accordingly called "Liaozhai rustic songs" or sometimes "Pu Songling rustic songs".
淄川是明清俗曲重要流布地区之一。蒲松龄坐馆三十余年的西铺毕家是豪门贵族，一直就有编写演唱俚曲的传统，这给蒲松龄编写俚曲故事准备了极好的社会氛围和条件。蒲松龄集一生之阅历，汇明清俗曲之精华，取诸宫调、南北曲的曲牌联套成曲，于晚年完成了15部俚曲的创作。无论是在文学方面，还是在音乐方面，这些俚曲均具有极高的价值。聊斋俚曲曲目有《耍孩儿》、《玉娥郎》、《粉红莲》、《叠断桥》等。
Zichuan is one of the most important areas for the dissemination of popular songs from the Ming and Qing dynasties. Pu Songling was employed as a teacher by the Bi family, who were a powerful and rich family, for over thirty years. Working in this atmosphere was very favourable for Pu Songling, as the family had a tradition of writing rustic songs. Pu Songling was able to selec popular pieces from the Ming and Qing dynasties, from both the North and South, and then set them to music. In his later years, he completed fifteen pieces of rustic songs; these pieces are very valuable in both a literary and musical sense. Representative pieces of Liaozhai rustic songs include Shua Haier (playing with kids), Yu'e Lang, Fenhong Lian (pink lotus) and Dieduan Qiao (Dieduan Bridge), etc.
聊斋俚曲生动地反映了封建时代晚期的人民生活，为群众所喜闻乐见，长期在当代社会中传唱流传，成为山东地区一种独树一帜的群众性艺术形式。聊斋俚曲以独特的魅力影响了其他姊妹艺术的发展，单以戏曲为例，俚曲故事改编剧本的就有五音戏、柳子戏、川剧、京剧、秦腔、河北梆子等。
Liaozhai rustic songs vividly display people's lives in the later Feudal Age, and are very popular among the masses. Having been sung in contemporary society for a long time, it has become a unique art form in Shandong Province. Because of its uniqueness, Liaozhao rustic songs have greatly influenced other art forms. Taking opera as an example, musical scripts of rustic songs have been adapted to other forms such as Wuyin-xi, Liuzi-xi, Sichuan opera, Peking opera, Shaanxi opera and Hebei bangzi, etc.
现存聊斋俚曲手抄本15种（原著佚失），均已整理、出版。遗存较原始曲牌五十余支，1962年搜集十余首，近年从古籍文献中查寻、翻译三十多首，尚有部分失传曲牌有待查找。现在会唱俚曲的人已渐衰老，俚曲研究者也寥若晨星，有必要加以抢救和保护。
At present there are 15 written copies of Liaozhai rustic songs (the original ones were lost), and all have been published. There are over fifty pieces of primitive Qupai (the generic term for a fixed melody), with over ten of them being collected in 1962 and over thirty being translated, but still parts of them being lost. Nowadays, the number of people who can sing rustic songs is decreasing, and researchers of it are becoming less and less, so it urgently needs protection.
相关传承人：
Inheritor(s):
蒲章俊
Pu Zhangjun