Hua’er' 花儿

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：民间音乐
Category: Folk Music
地区：甘肃，青海，宁夏
Region: Gansu Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Province
编号：Ⅱ-20
Ref. No.: II-20
花儿是广泛流传于甘、青、宁及新疆四省区的回、汉、土、东乡、保安、撒拉、藏、裕固等8个民族，并一律使用当地汉语方言，只能在村寨以外歌唱的山歌品种，通称"野曲"（与"家曲"即"宴席曲"相对），又称"少年"。其传唱分日常生产、生活与"花儿会"两种主要场合。"花儿会"是一种大型民间歌会，又称"唱山"。
Hua'er is popular among 8 ethnic groups including Hui, Han, Tu, Dongxiang, Bao'an, Sala, Tibetan, and Yugur in four provinces, namely, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Xinjiang Provinces. It is of a folk song only sung in local Chinese dialect outside villages, collectively known as "wild song (or Yequ, versus "family song (or Jiaqu)", that is, "banquet song (or Yanxiqu)"), or "Junior (or Shaonian)". It is mainly sung in such two kinds of occasions as routine activities and the "Flower Festival". Flower Festival is a large-scale folk song festival, and it is also called "singing for mountain (or Changshan)".
花儿·莲花山花儿会
Hua'er·Lianhua Shan Hua'er Festival
申报地区或单位：甘肃省康乐县
Nominating unit[s]: Kangle County, Gansu Province
莲花山位于甘肃省康乐县西南部，花儿会是莲花山地区群众一年一度自发组织的民歌盛会，辐射三州（地）六县78个会场。此类民歌早在三百年前即已兴盛。20世纪六七十年代花儿传唱遭到封禁，改革开放以后再度出现了繁荣景象。
Covering 78 venues in 6 counties in 3 prefectures, Hua'er Festival is an annual folk festival self-organized by local people in the Lianhua Shan (Lianhua Mountain) area, which is situated in the southwest of Kangle County, Gansu Province. Such folk songs already flourished as early as 300 years ago. Unfortunately, Hua'er was banned during 1960s and 1970s, but it thrived again since the Reform and Opening up.
莲花山花儿会形式独特、规模宏大、程序完整，分拦路、游山、对歌、敬酒、告别等过程，从农历六月初一至初六的主会场会期达6天，历经唐坊滩、上山、下山、足古川、王家沟门、紫松山等处，参加民众达十万人次以上。
Lianhua Shan Hua'er Festival is characterized by unique form, grand scale, and complete procedures including blocking the way, touring the mountain, singing the antiphonal, proposing a toast, bidding farewell, etc. The Festival will last 6 days long at its main venue from Jun. 1 to Jun. 6 of the lunar calendar, passing through many places like Tangfang Beach, mountain top, mountain foot, Zuguchuan, Wangjiagoumen, Zisong Mountain, etc., with more than 100 thousand people participated.
莲花山花儿主要是以口传心授的方式传承，代表性歌手主要有景满堂、丁如兰、张生彩、朱淑秀、米兆仁、汪莲莲等。
Lianhua Shan Hua'er is primarily passed down by way of oral instruction, and its main representative singers include Jin Mantang, Ding Rulan, Zhang Shengcai, Zhu Shuxiu, Mi Zhaoren and Wang Lianlian.
莲花山花儿以创作的即兴性、韵律的固定性、语言的乡土性为其最大特点，俗称"野花"。代表性曲令有《莲花山令》等。因具有独特性、民俗性、依存性、程序性、群体性、娱乐性和通俗性等特征，被国内外学者誉为"西北之魂"、"西北的百科全书"。但近年来，花儿会的规模逐渐缩小，花儿歌手人数锐减，传承断档，后继乏人，亟待抢救。
Lianhua Shan Hua'er, commonly called "wild flower (or Yehua)", is best known for its improvisation, fixed tune, and local language. Its representative works comprise Lianhua Shan Ling. Owing to such characteristics as uniqueness, folkways, dependency, procedure following, mass participation, recreation, popularity, etc., it is appraised as "the Soul of the Northwest" and "Encyclopedia of the Northwest" by domestic and overseas scholars. Nevertheless, in recent years, the scale of Hua'er Festival shrank gradually and the number of Hua'er singers dropped sharply, resulting in neglected inheritance, successor shortage, and thus an urgent need for conservation and rescue.
花儿·松鸣岩花儿会
Hua'er·Songming Yan Hua'er Festival
申报地区或单位：甘肃省和政县
Nominating unit[s]: Hezheng County, Gansu Province
松鸣岩位于临夏州和政县城南23公里的吊滩乡小峡风景区之中，景区由西方顶、南无台、玉皇峰、鸡冠山四峰组成，是甘肃省著名的三大花儿会场之一，也是河州花儿的发祥地。
Songming Yan (Songming Rock) is situated in Xiaoxia scenic area comprising 4 peaks, (i.e., Xifangding, Nanwutai, Yuhuangfeng and Jiguanshan), 23km away from south Hezheng County of Linxia Prefecture. It is one of the three famous Hua'er Festival venues and the birthplace of Hezhou Hua'er as well.
松鸣岩花儿会于每年农历四月二十六至二十九在甘肃省和政县国家级森林公园、省级风景名胜区松鸣岩举行。据《和政县志》记载，松鸣岩每年四月二十六、二十七、二十八、二十九日开龙华大会，朝拜者累千巨万，香火甚盛。根据史料研究，花儿在和政县出现应该在明代前期，距今至少已有数百年历史了。
The Festival is celebrated from April 26 to April 29 of the lunar calendar every year in Songming Yan, which is the national forest park and provincial-level scenic area of Hezheng County, Gansu Province. Recorded in the Log of Hezheng County (or He Zheng Xian Zhi), there was a Longhua Temple Gathering held from April 26 to April 29 every year, with millions of pilgrims and flourishing burning incenses. According to historical research, Hua'er emerged in Hezheng County in the early Ming Dynasty, making it have a history of hundreds of years.
松鸣岩花儿会有持续的历史传承性和博大的开放包容性，有固定的演唱时间和场合。松鸣岩花儿会上，歌手们除了演唱各种河州令外，还有《牡丹令》，演唱地点或在山坡，或在草坪，或在山口，或在林中，演唱形式有独唱、齐唱、对唱，伴奏乐器有咪咪、四弦子、吱呐、二胡。
With sustained historical heritage and broad inclusiveness, Songming Yan Hua'er Festival has its fixed singing time and places. In addition to various Hezhou Lings, Mudan Ling is also sung on the gathering in such places as hillside, lawn, col and woods in the form of solo, unison and antiphon. Its accompanying musical instruments include Mimi (an oboe wind instrument), Sixianzi (a wind instrument), Zhina (a wind instrument), and Erhu (a two-stringed bowed instrument).
花儿·二郎山花儿会
Hua'er·Erlangshan Hua'er Festival
申报地区或单位：甘肃省岷县
Nominating unit[s]: Min County, Gansu Province
岷县位于甘肃省南部，地处黄土高原、青藏高原和西秦岭山区的交汇地带。二郎山位于岷县城南、千里岷山的起首处。二郎山花儿会最早源于岷县的祭神赛会，据考证其形成时间为明代。每年农历五月初分布在境内的18位湫神（龙神）全驾出巡，全程巡域。位于其巡行路线上的村庄分会定点祭祀，祈祝丰收，这样在祭祀地点便形成点蜡、求神、发愿、唱花儿的大小会场达四十多处，其中心五月十七二郎山花儿会的规模最大。祭祀当天午后，18位湫神依次被抬上二郎山接受官祭，同时祭祀群众赛唱"洮岷花儿"，其时赛会参与人数达十余万，场面极其热烈。所唱"洮岷花儿"，分南北两派，南路派花儿又叫"阿欧怜儿"，演唱粗犷高亢，具有原始美的显著特点；北路派花儿又叫"两怜儿"，曲调自由舒缓，长于叙事。"洮岷花儿"除了具有音乐价值和即兴演唱价值外，歌词的文学价值也极高，它与湫神祭祀一样，凝聚了劳动人民的智慧，是研究岷县社会发展历史和民俗文化的宝库。
Located in south Gansu Province, Min County is at the intersection of the Loess Plateau, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and west Qinling Mountains. In its south there lies Erlangshan Mountain from which the 1000-li Minshan Mountain stretches. Erlangshan Hua'er Festival was born out of the folk festival in honor of Gods in Min County, and made its debut in the Ming Dynasty according to research. There were 18 Qiu Gods (Dragon Gods) distributed in the prefecture, and at early May of the lunar calendar every year, they all came out for patrolling the area. Villagers of the villages along their patrol route would sacrifice and pray for harvest on fixed sites, wher more than 40 venues were formed in which people could light the candle, pray to Gods, make wishes, and sing Hua'er songs. Erlangshan Hua'er venue, the center of those venues, held the most grand festival on May 17. In the same afternoon, 18 Qiu Gods would be carried up to Erlangshan Mountain to accept official sacrifice. At the same time, people coming for sacrifice competed in singing "Taomin Hua'er", with more than 100 thousand people involved, presenting extremely enthusiastic occasions. The "Taomin Hua'er" has two fractions including the South Fraction and the North Fraction. Songs of South Fraction Hua'er, also called "A'oulian'er", wild and resounding, are famous for original beauty; and songs of North Fraction Hua'er, "Lianglian'er", are especially suitable in story-telling for leisurely tune. Besides their music and impromptu values, the lyrics of "Taomin Hua'er" also have a high literary value. Like the sacrifice to Qiu Gods, those songs assemble people's wisdom and are a treasury for studying social development history and folk culture of Min County.

由于历史原因，湫神祭祀古风犹存，但上山官祭仪式却面临濒危，有待进一步保护。近几年，由于岷县县委、县政府的努力，"洮岷花儿" 被联合国教科文组织授予"联合国民歌考察基地"荣誉称号。
Due to historical reasons, the custom of sacrifice to Qiu Gods still remains, but the official sacrifice ritual on the mountain is now hardly seen. This needs to be further protected. In recent years, thanks to the effort of the Party Committee and the People's Government of Min County, Min County is awarded as "the Folk Song Research base of UN" for "Taomin Hua'er" by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
花儿·老爷山花儿会
Hua'er·Laoyeshan Hua'er Festival
申报地区或单位：青海省大通回族土族自治县
Nominating unit[s]: Datong Hui-Tu Autonomous County, Qinghai Province
老爷山花儿会 是每年农历六月初六 在青海省大通回族土族自治县的老爷山 举行的大型民歌演唱活动，它产生于明代，经过几百年的发展，伴随着"朝山浪会"活动，从以娱神为主逐步演变为以娱人为主的大型民间岁时民俗活动。
Laoyeshan Hua'er Festival refers to the large-scale singing event held on June 6 of the lunar calendar every year on Laoye Mountain in Datong Hui-Tu Autonomous County, Qinghai Province. It came into being in the Ming Dynasty, and through hundreds years of development and with the hosting of "going up to the mountain for Hua'er Festival events (or Chao Shan Lang Hui)", it has evolved into a great annual folk activity mainly entertaining people instead of entertaining God.
老爷山花儿会演唱形式有两种。 一是群众性自发演唱，农历"六月六"在老爷山的密林花丛中，或数十人或几百人自由唱和，情景交融；二是1949年以后兴起的有组织演唱，有固定的演唱场所和舞台，歌手经过层层选拔，在舞台上赛歌竞技。老爷山花儿会以演唱"河湟花儿"为主。演唱者有汉、回、土、藏等民族的歌手，他们共同用汉语演唱花儿。这是老爷山"花儿"和"花儿会"不同于其他民歌和歌会的显著特点。
Songs of Laoyeshan Hua'er are sung in two forms. One is people's spontaneous singing: tens or hundreds of people sing together in the jungle on Laoye Mountain, presenting a harmonious scene blending people's feeling and the setting. The other is the singing contest with fixed performance places and stages, wher the seleced singers compete in singing. At Laoyeshan Hua'er Festival, the songs sung most are the "Hehuang Hua'er". Singers are from Han, Hui, Tu, and Tibetan nationalities, and they all sing Hua'er in Chinese. That is the distinctive feature by which Laoyeshan Hua'er and its festival distinguish themselves from other folk songs and song festivals.
老爷山花儿内容主要以歌咏爱情生活为主，也涉及宗教、民俗、生产劳动、历史故事、新人新事等类型。其唱词以七字（一三句）与八字句（二四句）相间的四句体为主，特别规定二四句句尾必须是"双字"词，另外一、三句和二、四句分别押韵，形成了一种特殊的唱词格律，在全国汉族民歌中也属特例。河湟花儿的语言生动、形象、优美、明快，多用赋、比、兴等修辞手法，有极高的文学价值。大通老爷山花儿有《大通令》、《东峡令》、《老爷山令》等代表性曲目.这些曲调韵律独特，优美抒情、高亢嘹亮、婉转悠扬，深受大通各族人民的喜爱。
Laoyeshan Hua'er songs largely praise love life, and, sometimes, religion, folkways, production and work, history story, and new people and new stories. Most of its lyrics are composed of four lines, with seven-character lines (the first and third lines) and eight-character lines (the second and fourth lines) alternated. Moreover, a "double- character" word must be used at the end of the second and fourth lines according to the special rule, and the first line must rhyme with the third line, so do the second and the fourth lines. It hence formed special rhythms of songs, making it a special case even in national Han folk songs. Hehuang Hua'er has a very high literary value for its vivid, figurative, beautiful, and clear wording and the techniques of actual narration, metaphor and symbolization. The representative works of Datong Laoyeshan Hua'er include Datong Ling, Dongxia Ling, and Laoyeshan Ling. These works are quite popular among all nationalities in Datong for their unique rhythm, lyrical wording, resounding tune, and mild and agreeable sound.
花儿·丹麻土族花儿会
Hua'er·Danma Tu Nationality Hua'er Festival
申报地区或单位：青海省互助土族自治县
Nominating unit[s]: Huzhu Tu Autonomous County, Qinghai Province
丹麻花儿会是青海省互助土族自治县具有一定影响力的群众传统集会，集戏曲表演、花儿演唱、商品贸易为一体，一般在每年的农历六月十三日举行，会期为五天，一年一次，规模宏大，影响深远。
Danma Hua'er Festival is a traditional mass gathering with certain influence in Huzhu Tu Autonomous County, Qinghai Province. It integrates opera performance, Hua'er song singing, and commodity trade and is annually held on June 13 of the lunar calendar every year and lasts five days, having a large scale and profound impacts.

举办丹麻花儿会的丹麻镇位于青海省互助土族自治县的东部，是一个土族聚居乡镇。丹麻花儿会起源于明代后期，盛行于清代、民国及新中国成立初期。20世纪六七十年代被认为是低俗野曲会而遭到禁止，一度中断，1978年以后逐步恢复。据专家认定，"丹麻花儿会"起初是当地土族群众为祈求风调雨顺、期盼五谷丰登而举办的朝山、庙会性质的传统集会。经过历史的演变，它已成为展示土族民俗风情的一个重要的文化现场。丹麻土族花儿有《尕联手令》、《黄花姐令》、《杨柳姐令》等常见曲目。
Danma Town, the venue of Danma Hua'er Festival, is a Tu ethnic settlement town located in the east of Huzhu Tu Autonomous County, Qinghai Province. Danma Hua'er Festival was originally developed in the late Ming Dynasty, and thrived in the period of the Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China, and early new China. It was prohibited for being regarded as a festival of vulgar songs during 1960s and 1970s, and was resumed gradually after 1978. Experts have found that "Danma Hua'er Festival" is a tradition ceremony like temple fair held by local Tu people to pray for good weather and harvest. Through its historical evolution, it has developed into an important cultural site wher Tu folk customs can be seen. Such works as Galianshou Ling, Huanghuajie Ling, and Yangliujie Ling are included in its common repertoires.
丹麻花儿会上演唱的土族花儿是青海花儿的重要组成部分，具有独特的民族风格，蕴含着丰富的土族文化内容，具有较高的艺术价值。
Hua'er songs of Tu Nationality sung on Danma Hua'er Festival are an important part of Qinghai Hua'er songs, having a high artistic value for their unique ethnic styles with abundant cultural contents of Tu Nationality.
丹麻花儿会历史悠久，在青海省境内的群众文化活动中一直享有盛名。保护丹麻花儿会，挖掘、抢救和整理土族花儿，意义十分重大。
With a long history, it is always well-known among folk cultural events in Qinghai Province. Therefore it is of great significance to protecting Danma Hua'er Festival and to exploiting, saving and compiling Tu Nationality Hua'er songs.
花儿·七里寺花儿会
Hua'er·Qilisi Temple Hua'er Festival
申报地区或单位：青海省民和回族土族自治县
Nominating unit[s]: Minhe Hui-Tu Autonomous County, Qinghai Province
七里寺峡位于民和回族土族自治县以南古鄯镇境内的小积石山麓。在这里举行的花儿会至少已有百年历史。每年农历六月初六，八方群众盛装举伞结伴而来，六七万人云集峡谷，通宵达旦对唱花儿。
Qilisi gorge is at the foot of Xiaojishi Mountain, which is situated in Gushan Town in south Minhe Hui-Tu Autonomous County. It has been hundreds of years for celebrating Hua'er festival here. On June 6 of the lunar calendar ever year, well-dressed people from all over the country, up to 60 to 70 thousand, come together to the gorge to sing Hua'er songs in antiphonal style for a whole night.
七里寺花儿会是群众自发组织的民间文化盛会，演唱者均为民间歌手。演唱形式有独唱、对唱、合唱等，无任何乐器伴奏；演唱内容多为情歌。演唱者一般一手轻捂耳朵，根据内容需要用不同的"令"来演唱，所唱曲令达四十余种，代表曲目有《古鄯令》、《马营令》、《二梅花令》等。七里寺花儿会由于其浓厚的地方特色，再加上峡内药泉的吸引力，在西北地区颇负盛名。
Qilisi Temple Hua'er Festival is a grand folk cultural event self-organized by local people, and its singers are all folk singers. The song is demonstrated in the form of solo singing, antiphonal singing, and choral singing, and its main contents are always about love. With one ear gently covered by one hand, singers usually use different "Lings" to sing Hua'er songs in terms of their contents. There are more than 40 Lings, and the representative ones include Gushan Ling, Maying Ling, and Ermeihua Ling. The strong local characteristics and the appeal of the Medicine Spring in the gorge make the Qilisi Temple Hua'er Festival quite famous in northwest region.
七里寺花儿会上歌手众多，除了著名"花儿"歌手到会，周边地区会唱花儿者也常常到场助兴，有许多老歌手演唱的曲令在平时或其他"花儿会"上很难听到。
On the Qilisi Temple Hua'er festival there are numerous singers including famous Hua'er singers and those from surrounding areas who also come to the festival to liven things up. Many songs and Lings sung by old singers are rare to hear in daily life or other Hua'er festivals.
花儿·瞿昙寺花儿会
Hua'er·Qutansi Temple Hua'er Festival
申报地区或单位：青海省乐都县
Nominating unit[s]: Ledu County, Qinghai Province
瞿昙寺花儿会同时也是当地的庙会，从农历六月十四到十六日，共三天。乐都县瞿昙寺花儿会在青海各地花儿会中规模较大、影响深远。据考证，瞿昙寺花儿会从清道光年间瞿昙寺开庙会起，至清末民初逐渐发展成一定规模的花儿会。瞿昙寺花儿会是当地群众交流花儿的最大舞台，许多民间花儿歌手从这里走向全省乃至西北地区。
Qutansi Temple Hua'er Festival, which is the local temple fair as well, lasts 3 days from June 14 to June 16 of the lunar calendar. It has a quite large scale and profound impact among Hua'er festivals in Qinghai Province. According to the research, it derived from Qutansi Temple fair in the reign of Daoguang Emperor in the Qing Dynasty, and gradually developed into Hua'er festival with certain scale by the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China. Qutansi Temple Hua'er Festival is the largest stage of local people for Hua'er communication, in which many folk singers become famous in Qinghai Province even in the whole northwest region.
瞿昙寺花儿会参与群众以汉族为主，其他民族也踊跃参加。在演唱曲令上，除当地的《碾伯令》外，还有《白牡丹令》、《尕马儿令》、《水红花令》、《三闪令》等。此外藏族人民喜爱的"拉伊"在这里也有广泛的演唱。其演唱形式有独唱、对唱、联唱等，其中最能体现瞿昙寺花儿会民间特色的就是两个阵营的对歌。
Most participants in the Qutansi Temple Hua'er Festival are Han people, and other ethnic people are also active in taking part in the event. In addition to local Lings as Lianbo Ling, White Peony Ling (or Bai Mu Dan Ling), Red Flower Ling (or Shui Hong Hua Ling), San Shan Ling, etc. are included in the singing songs and Lings. In addition, Tibetan people's favorite song, "Layi", is also popular here. The singing forms include solo singing, antiphonal singing and chorus singing, among which the antiphonal singing of two teams can most manifest the folk feature of Qutansi Temple Hua'er Festival.
瞿昙寺花儿会还具有深厚的民族民间文化底蕴，对花儿会的生成的研究具有重要的价值。乐都县是河湟地区有名的"文化县"，瞿昙寺花儿会因而成为研究大型民俗活动与地方文化发展关系最好的典型个案。
It has profound ethnic folk culture foundation, which is very important for the research in the birth of Hua'er festival. Ledu County is known as "Cultural County" in Hehuang region, making Qutansi Temple Hua'er Festival the best typical case in studying the relationship between large folk activities and local culture development.
作为有影响的花儿会，瞿昙寺花儿会在当地发挥着促进民间物资交流、加强不同民族文化交流、丰富民众生活等多方面的实用功能。
As a Hua'er festival of certain influence, Qutansi Temple Hua'er Festival plays a practical role in promoting commodities exchange, strengthening national culture communication, and enriching local people's life.
花儿·宁夏回族山花儿
Hua'er·Ningxia Hui Nationality Mountain Hua'er
申报地区或单位：宁夏回族自治区
Nominating unit[s]: Ningxia Hui Nationality Autonomous Region
山花儿俗称干花儿、山曲子、野花儿，是广泛传唱于宁夏回族聚居区的一种代表性民歌体裁。它继承了陇山地区古代山歌（徒歌、相和歌、立唱歌）的某些特征。《诗经·豳风》、《汉魏南北朝乐府》中的《陇山歌》、《陇板歌》、《陇原歌》即其先声。复合性、多元性文化使这些山歌更多地呈现过渡文化和边缘文化的特征，广泛传唱的回族山花儿就是其中最有代表性的一种，有着广泛的群众基础和丰富的民俗文化内涵。
Mountain Hua'er, popularly known as Gan Hua'er, Shan Quzi, Ye Hua'er, is a representative type of folk songs popular in Ningxia Hui Nationality community. It has absorbed some features of ancient folk songs (such as Tu Ge (an unaccompanied singing song), Xianghe Ge (corresponding songs), and Lichang Ge). Song of Longshan (or Long Shan Ge), Song of Longban (or Long Ban Ge), and Song of Longyuan (or Long Yuan Ge) of the Book of Song·Songs of Bin (or Shi Jing·Bin Feng) and Collected Folk Songs of the Period of the Han Dynasty and Jin Dynasty(or Han Wei Nan Bei Chao Yue Fu) are its original versions. The cultural integration and diversity make these folk songs present many characteristics of transitional culture and marginal culture, and the widely popular Hui Nationality Hua'er is the most typical one, having broad mass base and rich folk culture contents.

山花儿基本属于自唱自娱形式或在小范围传唱，它在继承古陇山民歌"三句一叠"的基础上，多以单套短歌的形式即兴填词演唱。山花儿音乐继承古陇山徒歌四声、五声徵调特征，吸收信天游、爬山调、洮岷花儿、河湟花儿以及伊斯兰音调的多种因素，多用五声音阶式迂回进行。
Basically, Mountain Hua'er songs are sung for self-entertaining in limited areas and created instantly in the form of single set and short songs on the basis of "repeating every three lines" of ancient Longshan folk songs. Its music has inherited such features of ancient Longshan Tu Ge as tetrachords and pentatonic tone, and absorbed elements of Xintianyou, Pashandiao, Taomin Hua'er, Hehuang Hua'er and Islamic tone, mostly sung in the pentatonic tone with fluctuation.
山花儿在文学与音乐方面特色鲜明，风格独特，乡土气息浓郁，保持了山歌野曲粗犷豪放的特点，又具有流畅优美的小调韵味倾向；它是宁夏地区回族文化的生动表现，具有民族学和民俗学方面的研究价值；山花儿三句一叠、双字尾押韵等是陇山地区较为独特的民歌形式，有较高的文学价值。它在商徵型四声腔和五声徵调的基础上演变成为曲式、调性、旋法、节奏多样，风格独特的花儿歌种。宁夏回族花儿的代表曲目有《黄河岸上牛喝水》、《看一趟心上的尕花》、《花儿本是心上的话》等。
As far as literary and music are concerned, Mountain Hua'er has distinctive feature, unique style and strong local characteristics. On one hand, it keeps the rough style of wild songs, and on the other hand, it also has the gentle melody of sweet and smooth tunes as well. It vividly manifests the Hui culture in Ningxia region, having a high value in studying ethnology and folklore; its lyrics have a high literary value for the feature of being repeated every three lines and double-character rhyme, which contributes to forming a unique style. It has developed into a unique kind of Hua'er song with diverse forms, tones, modes and melodies on the basis of tetrachords and pentatonic tone. The representative works include Cattle Drink Water on the Yellow River Shore (or Huang He An Shang Niu He Shui), To See the Follower in My Heart (or Kan Yi Tang Xin Shang De Ga Hua) and Flowers Are Love Words in My Heart (or Hua Er Ben Shi Xin Shang De Hua).
目前能够掌握多首曲目和风格的山花儿唱家已属凤毛麟角，且多已过古稀之年，自然传承纽带已断裂微存，而现代化的冲击使其乡土文化本色特点不断流失，山花儿的生存出现了危机，必须引起有关方面的重视。
At present, there are increasingly fewer singers who are proficient in several styles of Mountain Hua'er songs, and most of them are approaching their seventy. Consequently, inheritance emerged as a serious problem. Moreover, the shocks as a result of modernization have led to the constant loss of its local flavor, pushing Mountain Hua'er to the brink of extinction, to which attention shall be paid by related departments.
相关传承人：
Inheritors:
马金山 马得林 马明山 赵存禄 张英芝 王存福
Ma Jinshan, Ma Delin, Ma Mingshan, Zhao Cunlu, Zhang Yingzhi,
Wang Cunfu,
马生林 张明星 刘郭成 汪莲莲 韩生元
Ma Shenglin, Zhang Mingxing, Liu Guocheng, Wang Lianlian and Han Shengyuan