Northern Sichuan Haocao Luogu 川北薅草锣鼓

时间：2006年

Time: 2006

类别：民间音乐

Category: Folk Music

地区：四川

Region: Sichuan Province

编号：Ⅱ-27

Ref. No.: II-27

申报地区或单位：四川省青川县

Nominating unit[s]: Qingchuan County, Sichuan Province

川北薅草锣鼓主要分布在广元市四县三区境内，其中尤以青川薅草锣鼓最具代表性。青川县地处四川盆地北部山区川、甘、陕三省结合部，有"大熊猫故乡"之称。

Northern Sichuan haocao luogu（haocao gong and drum music prevalent in Northern Sichuan）mainly prevails in three districts and four counties of Guangyuan City, and that prevalent in Qingchuan is the most typical one. Qingchuan County, known as "the hometown of giant panda", is located in the northern mountain area of Sichuan Basin, the juncture of Sichuan Province, Gansu Province and Shaanxi Province

川北薅草锣鼓一般在二道苞谷草或锄黄豆草时进行，一人击鼓，一人敲锣，敲锣者为歌郎，在数十人的薅草队伍中起指挥作用。薅草锣鼓一天的表演过程大致分为牵线子、扎盖子（起歌头或排歌头）、安五方（或拜五方）、说正文、耍歌子、办交接等步骤。川北薅草锣鼓代表曲目有《韩湘传》、《八仙图》、《十二枝花》、《牧牛打虎》、《延九锤》等。

Northern Sichuan haocao luogu is performed when weeding the corn field for the second time or weeding the soya field. During the performance, one beats a drum, and the other hits a gong. The latter must be a male singer, and plays a guiding role in the weeding team consisting of dozens of farmers. The performance of haocao luogu can be achieved in the following steps: Qianxianzi (peasants forming themselves into a line headed by the male singer), Zhagaizi (the malesinger making a beginning with singing), Anwufang or Baiwufang (worshipping the spirits of North, South, East, West, and Central Regions), Shuozhengwen (singing led by the male singer in labour), Shuagezi, Banjiaojie, etc.. The representative works of northern Sichuan haocao luogu are Biography of Hanxiang, The Eight Immortals, Twelve Flowers, Herding Cattle and Fighting Tiger, Yanjiu Hammer and so on.

薅草锣鼓的锣鼓节拍主要有七拍子、九拍子、十二拍子、花拍子几种。曲调和唱词按字数分为七字谱、十字谱，此外还有五字谱等多种曲调及口授心传的传统唱词和即兴唱词等。

As far as rhythm is concerned, Haocao luogu by and large comes in such styles as seven-beat, nine-beat, twelve-beat and free-beat. Melodies and lyrics are classified into seven-character-verse score, ten-character-verse score based on the number of words. Among others, there are various melodies such as five-character-verse score, traditional lyrics orally from generation to generation, extemporaneous lyrics and so on.

川北薅草锣鼓在田间作业中发挥了指挥劳动、活跃现场气氛、调节劳作者情绪的作用。它具有率真质朴的音乐个性，拥有数千首曲目的丰富蕴藏量，明快简洁的音乐语汇中保留了大量古代体力劳动中的音乐文化信息，具有较高的学术研究价值。

In field work, Northern Sichuan haocao luogu exerts its role of directing work, enlivening the atmosphere and easing laborers' minds. For its plain music style, thousands of songs retained, simple and sprightful lyrics with a mass of musical and cultural information in labor of ancient times, it has a relatively high academic research value.

如今，由于受现代生产方式的影响，传统的生产生活方式难以跟上时代发展的步伐，川北薅草锣鼓的生存空间正在日益缩小，有濒临失传的危险--老年歌手相继过世，年轻人多外出打工，劳动力大量外迁，歌手队伍青黄不接。因此，保护、传承川北薅草锣鼓的工作已到了关键时刻。

Nowadays, affected by the modern mode of production, traditional mode of production and life style are out of date. In such a context, it is increasingly harder for Northern Sichuan haocao luogu to survive. It is in danger of dying out, as old singers pass away one after another, most of young people go to other places for employment, and qualified singers fall short. So, it is the crucial moment that actions have to be taken for protecting and preserving this art.

相关传承人：

Inheritor(s):

王绍兴 孟凡林 王爱民

Wang Shaoxing, Meng Fanlin and Wang Aimin.