Quanzhou Paixiongwu (chest slapping dance) 泉州拍胸舞

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：民间舞蹈
Category: Folk Dance
地区：福建
Region: Fujian Province
编号：Ⅲ-12
Ref. No.: Ⅲ-12
申报地区或单位：福建省泉州市
Nominating unit[s]: Quanzhou City, Fujian Province
拍胸舞是福建省最有代表性的民间舞蹈之一，主要流行于闽南地区的浮桥、江南一带及泉州、金门等地。拍胸舞形式比较简单，仅一二人便可随时随地随意起舞。拍胸舞传统的舞者为男性，头戴草箍，上身裸露，赤足，动作以趋于单一节奏的击、拍、夹、跺为主，部位集中在胸、肘、腿、掌等处，基本体态呈拔腰挺胸之势，全身跳跃，并辅以雄健的蹲步和怡然自得的颤头动作，构成粗犷、古朴、诙谐、热烈的风格。拍胸舞基本动作为“打七响”，即双手首先于胸前合击一掌，接着依次拍打左右胸部，双臂内侧依次夹打左右肋部，双手再依次拍打左右腿部，共得七响，时值合七拍；与此同时配合双脚的蹲裆步有节奏地跳跃，身体随之左右晃动，配以颤头动作，产生别具一格的摇晃动律，使舞蹈洒脱自然，显露出机灵轻巧、诙谐爽朗的特性，如此循环往复，连续表演。“打七响”最突出地代表了拍胸舞的基本动律和风格特色。当今舞蹈工作者为拍胸舞配上音乐，使得表演场面热烈欢快，整齐有序，“打七响”变为“打八响”（即双手在胸前合击掌二次），这就发展了拍胸舞的基本动作，形成了不同的风格特点。
Paixiongwu (chest slapping dance) is one of the most typical folk dances in Fujian Province. It is popular in southern Fujian, namely, Fuqiao Town, Jiangnan Town, Quanzhou City and Jinmen City. The dance is not complicated, and can be performed by only one or two dancers at any time and any place. The shirtless and barefoot male dancers wear hoops woven from grass. Following a simple rhythm, dancers beat, slap, hold and stamp their chests, elbows, legs and palms (or with them). They thrust their chests forward, pull their waists, bounce from the ground, squat forcefully and flutter their heads effortlessly, presenting a powerful, simple, entertaining and exciting style. The basic posture of the dance is daqixiang (make seven beats). Dancers firstly clap their hands before their chests; then beat their chests on the left and right in turn, with the inside of the arms beating the left and right ribs in turn; they then beat their left and right legs with two hands in turn. By doing this, dancers execute seven sounds and seven movements. Meanwhile, dancers bounce in cadence by squatting down, swaying the body from left to right; and fluttering their heads, creating distinctive movements. These movements and postures are repeated again and again, forming a natural, agile, free and entertaining performance. Daqixiang (make seven beats) can best present the basic movements and styles of paixiongwu (chest slapping dance). Nowadays, music has also been composed for the dance, making the performance more exciting, entertaining and orderly. In addition, daqixiang (make seven beats) has also developed into dabaxiang (make eight beats) (i.e. dancers clap their hands before the chests for two times). This development has lead to the emergence of a different style.
拍胸舞表演者所戴草箍上的蛇形头饰保留了秦汉闽越族原住民蛇图腾崇拜的遗风，其表演形式也保留了古闽越族原始舞蹈的遗风。拍胸舞的内在动律与土家族舞蹈“肉连响”极其相似，从舞种分布的角度看，它与黎族、高山族等南方少数民族的舞蹈之间存在着密切的渊源关系。泉州古老剧种梨园戏《郑元和》中保留了“莲花落”乞丐拍胸一折，当今民间拍胸舞又使用、保留了泉州南音的《三千两金》，这种文化的传承关系也极具研究价值。
The grass hoop with a snake-shaped ornament that is worn by dancers reflects the practice of snake totem worship by the inhabitants of Minyue nationalities in the Qin and Han Dynasties. The performance also reflects some elements of the primitive dance of the Minyue nationalities. The Paixiongwu (chest slapping dance) is quite similar with that of Tujia nationality roulianxiang (flesh sound dance) in terms of its movements; and is closely related with the dances of the Li nationality, Gaoshan nationality and other minority nationalities in south China in terms of dance-category distribution. The dance is valuable to the study of cultural inheritance. Liyuan opera Zhengyuanhe (an ancient opera in Quanzhou) has one section named lianhualuo wher the beggar slaps the chest, and today's paixiongwu (chest slapping dance) uses and maintains the elements of “Sanqianliang Gold" (three thousand liang (1 liang=50g) gold), a work of Quanzhou nanying (one of China’s oldest forms of music).
相关传承人：
Inheritor(s):
邱剑英
Qiu Jianying