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During the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), the State of Chu became less powerful during the reign of King Xiang. The king and his important court officials were dissolute and incompetent and indulged themselves in luxury and excessive pleasure. Zhuang Xin, one of the ministers, foresaw that the country would soon be in danger. One day, he remonstrated with the king: "Your Majesty, wherver you go, you're always surrounded by people who flatter you. They do everything to make you happy so that you forget to tend to state affairs. If you go on like this, sooner or later, the country will perish."
The King of Chu flew into a rage. "How dare you! You even use such vicious words to curse my country and mean to arouse resentment among the people!" Zhuang Xin explained, "I dare not curse the State of Chu. But I really have a premonition that Chu is facing great danger." Seeing that the king was especially fond of those corrupt officials and trusted them in everything, the minister thought Chu was bound for extinction. So he asked the king to let him leave Chu. He wanted to go to the State of Zhao and stay there for a while.
The king gave him the leave. Five months later, the King of Qin sent his troops to invade Chu and occupied a large tract of its territory. The King of Chu himself went into exile. Now, the king remembered Zhuang Xin's words. He sent his men to fetch him. Seeing Zhuang Xin again, the king asked him, "What can I do now?"
Zhuang Xin replied, "It's not too late if you mend the sheepfold when finding a sheep is missing." He then made some good suggestions to rehabilitate the state and recover the lost land. The king was very pleased.
The idiom "Mend the fold after a sheep is lost" comes from Zhuang Xin's answer to the king. We still use this metaphor to advise someone that even when he has made a mistake and suffered losses, he can still remedy it by drawing lessons from the mistake.
wáng yáng bǔ láo
亡羊补牢
战国时期，楚襄王统治楚国时，国势不振。楚王和重要的大臣都荒淫无能，一直沉溺于奢侈享乐之中。大臣庄辛预见到楚国会发生危险。一天，他劝谏楚王说：“陛下，无论您走到哪儿，身旁总是那些奉承您的人，他们想尽办法让您高兴，您就忘了处理国事。长此以往，国家迟早会灭亡的。”
楚王大怒：“大胆！你居然用这样恶毒的话来诅咒我的国家，蓄意挑起人民的不满！” 庄辛解释说：“我不敢诅咒楚国，但我可以预言楚国正面临着巨大的危险。” 庄辛见楚王如此宠信那些腐败的大臣，相信楚国必定要亡国。于是他请求楚王让他离开楚国，到赵国居住一段时间。
楚王同意了，他便去了赵国。五个月之后，秦君果然派军入侵楚国，占领了大片土地。楚王被迫流亡。这时，他想起了庄辛的劝谏，于是派人接庄辛回来。楚王见了庄辛，便问：“现在我该怎么办呢？”
庄辛回答说：“丢了羊，就把羊圈修好，不算迟。”然后他提出许多如何重振国家、收复失地的好谋略。楚王非常高兴。
成语“亡羊补牢”就是由庄辛对楚王的回答而来。我们常用这个成语来比喻事情出了差错，有了损失，如果吸取教训，及时补救，还能够弥补。
tiān yá h?i ji?o
天涯海角
end of the earth; remotest corners of the earth
shān qióng shuǐ jìn
山穷水尽
wher the mountains and the rivers end – be at the end of one's rope or resources; be in predicament
dǐng tiān lì dì
顶天立地
of titanic, noble stature; of the highest order; of dauntless spirit
kōng qián jué hòu
空前绝后
unprecedented and unrepeatable; unique
wú qióng wú jìn
无穷无尽
infinite; boundless; endless; limitless
yīng y?u jìn y?u
应有尽有
have everything that one expects to find