胡同的问题 Problems of Hutong

旁白：近些年来，北京胡同的面貌发生了很大变化，有的地方变成了一幢幢的楼群，有的地方变成了霓虹闪烁的商业区，有的地方变成了宽阔的、可以行驶汽车的大马路，也还有一小部分被保留下来。但古老的事物在与现代社会的融合中往往会面临一些问题。
Aside: In recent years, hutongs in Beijing have had dramatic changes. Some turned into high buildings, some became colorful and prosperous commercial area and some became spacious roads. only a small amount of hutongs have been kept. As an ancient relic in the modern society, hutong often faces some problems.

采访城市规划师郑一鸣：很多胡同都很长时间，有的上百年，有的时间更长，它必然会存在设施陈旧、老化，对现代生活来讲，有很多不适应的方面，这确实是客观存在的问题。
Interview with a city planning expert Mr. Zheng Yiming: Many hutong have existed for a long time. Some have a history of 100 years, some even more. It is natural for them to have problems like old and ageing equipments. They have some problems to face to fit in the modern society. It is also the truth.

采访居民
Interview with hutong residents

职员：胡同住着没有楼房方便一点，然后，卫生条件还比较差。
Employee: To live in hutong is not so convenient as in an aparment building. Besides, the sanitation conditions are not so good.

居民一：但不方便在哪呢？没有供暖，自己还得加强供暖，烧煤，它脏。
Resident A: Why it is not convenient? Because there is no heating system. One must burn coals to heat. It is dirty.

主持人：四合院有没有厕所呢？
Host: Does a siheyuan have a toilet?

中年妇女：一般都没有，都上公共厕所。
A middle-aged woman: Normally, they don’t have. We have to go to a public toilet.

居民二：现在呢存在一些弊病就是上下水不方便，卫生间不方便，暖气，冬天这种设施不完善。
Resident B: Now the problems in siheyuan include water system, no toilet and no heating system in winter.

采访城市规划师郑一鸣：北京的胡同经过演化历经了数百年，它承载着北京历史文化的很多重要信息，也是北京历史名城的一个重要特征之一，所以很有保留、保存的价值。
Interview with a City Planning Expert: Mr. Zheng Yiming: After a history of hundreds of years, hutongs in Beijing carry a great deal of important information of Beijing history. At the same time, hutong is also an important symbol of Beijing. Therefore, hutong is worth of preservation.

采访工作妇女：春暖花开的时候，接地气啊，出去活动比楼房方便。
Interview with a female worker: When spring comes, it is nearer to earth. It is more convenient for us to go outside than apartment buildings.

采访中年妇女：故土难离啊。我从小到大住四合院，现在回想起来还是那么眷恋。
Interview with a middle-aged woman: It is hard for one to leave his or her home place. I lived in siheyuan since my childhood. Now I still missed that period.

采访清华老师：小的时候我觉得邻里之间的关系特别亲密，随便就在邻居家串串门走走，可现在一变成高楼大厦吧，很难得到邻居家里走动，有时父母之间，孩子之间更没有什么交流。我觉得挺遗憾的这种变化。
Interview with a teacher from Tsinghua University: In my childhood, I felt that the relationship between neighbors was very close. We could visit them at any time. But now, we all live in high buildings. It is difficult for us to visit our neighbors. I think it is a pity.

我非常喜欢北京的胡同文化，我觉得它不仅是北京文化的一种体现，也是我们中国民族文化的一种体现，所以每当想起这胡同文化随着现代化过程的遗失我感觉非常遗憾。
I like Beijing hutong culture very much. I think it is not only a demonstration of Beijing culture, but also a demonstration of Chinese national culture. Therefore, every time when I think that this hutong culture will get lost in the process of modernization, I always feel very sorry.

采访民俗专家马铁汉：这个有一个认识问题，开发建设一个城市跟文物保护有一定的对立性，要保护，你就不能拆迁，要拆改，危改，拆迁的话就难以维护。这个事我们应当具体情况具体分析。
Interview：There is a problem. Urban development conflicts with the protection of cultural relics. If we want to preserve it, we should not remove it. We can renovate it, repair it. But once we remove it, it is hard for us to preserve it. This matter should be analyzed based on individual cases.

旁白：为保持北京的古都风貌，许多著名的胡同已被当作文物保留下来了。北京城区划定了二十余条胡同为历史文化保护街区。并对这些胡同中历史文化传统风貌受到损害的地段进行了治理，逐步恢复了原有的历史文化传统风貌。
Aside: In order to keep the style of Beijing as an ancient capital city, many famous hutongs have been persevered as cultural relics. In Beijing, more than 20 hutongs have been selected as streets of cultural and historical interests for preservation. The damages in those hutongs have also been repaired and their original appearances have been restored step by step.

所以呢，关键是在古城风貌保护，和现在现代化发展之间寻找一个合理的平衡点。
Therefore, the key issue is to find a rational way to balance the preservation of an ancient city and modernization.

结束语：胡同，是老北京人生活历史的见证，也是现代北京人生活的组成部分。许许多多的胡同名称虽然依旧，但实际早已不是旧日的模样了。老旧的建筑究竟该拆还是留？应该保护到什么样的程度？这种矛盾，也许不单属于北京的胡同。

Ending words: Hutong has witnessed the life of elder Beijingers and also is part of the life of modern Beijing residents. Although many hutongs still keep their original names, their appearances have changed a lot. Should we remove or keep ancient aging buildings? To what extent should we preserve them? Conflicts like these do not only exist in the preservation of hutongs in Beijing.