Chiang Kai-shek 蒋介石

蒋介石（1887.10.31—1975.4.5），名中正，字介石。浙江奉化人。国民党当政时期的党、政、军主要领导人。1908年留学日本并加入同盟会，1924年回国后任黄埔军校校长，后兼任国民革命军第1军军长。1927年发动“四•一二反革命政变”，导致第一次国共合作破裂。西安事变后接受抗日主张。1948年召开国民大会当选“总统”，1949年1月21日宣布“引退”，同年败退台湾后，历任“总统”及国民党总裁，1975年4月5日于台北去世。
Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887 - April 5, 1975), with family name of Zhongzheng and courtesy name of Kai-shek, was from Fenghua, Zhejiang. Chiang was the leading figure of the Kuomintang (KMT) and the political and military leader when the country was governed by the KMT. In 1908, Chiang studied in Japan and joined the Tongmenghui (United League). He returned to China in 1924 and was appointed to be the commandant of Whampoa Military Academy and later the commander of the 1st Corps of National Revolutionary Army. In 1927 Chiang organized the “April 12 Counter-revolutionary Coup” which split the KMT from the First United Front. Chiang was forced into making a "Second United Front" with the Communists against Japan after Xi'an Incident. He was formally elected by the National Assembly as the “President” in 1948. Then on January 21, 1949 he resigned as President and announced to withdraw from public life. In the same year he retreated to Taiwan and kept on the throne of “President” and Director-General of the KMT till his death in Taipei on April 5, 1975.