Wunijing Cotton Weaving Skills 乌泥泾手工棉纺织技艺

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：传统手工技艺
Category: Traditional Handicraft Skills
地区：上海
Region: Shanghai Municipality
编号：Ⅷ-17
Ref. No.: VIII-17
申报地区或单位：上海市徐汇区
Nominating unit[s]: Xuhui District, Shanghai Municipality
乌泥泾手工棉纺织技术的传承源于黄道婆自崖州带回的纺织技艺。宋末元初，松江府乌泥泾人黄道婆在流落崖州三十余年后，于元贞年间返回故里，传播植棉和纺织技术。她改进了捍、弹、纺、织等手艺，创制了"配色"、"挈花"成"折枝、团凤"的织造工艺，开发出众多精美的棉纺织品。
Wunijing cotton weaving skills originated from the weaving craftsmanship brought back by Huang Daopo from Yazhou. Between the late Song Dynasty and the early Yuan Dynasty, after thirty odd years of living in Yazhou, Huang Daopo returned to her hometown, Wunijing of Songjiang Prefecture during the Yuanzhen period and spread the cotton planting and the cotton weaving skills. She improved the ginning, fluffing, spinning, and weaving skills, and created techniques to weave the pattern of plucked twigs and the pattern of a phoenix forming a circle by matching colors and jacquard design, thus developing a number of exquisite cotton textiles.
黄道婆的棉纺织技艺改变了上千年来以丝、麻为主要衣料的传统，改变了江南的经济结构，催生出一个新兴的棉纺织产业，江南地区的生活风俗和传统婚娶习俗也因之有所改变。可以说，乌泥泾手工棉纺织技艺是中国纺织技术的核心内容之一。
Huang Daopo's cotton weaving skills changed the thousand-year's tradition of using silk and linen as the main materials for clothing and the economic structure in areas south of the Yangtze River, and also generated an emerging cotton textile industry. Consequently, the customs, especially the custom of traditional marriage in areas south of the Yangtze River changed to some extent accordingly. It can be said that the Wunijing cotton weaving skills are an integral part of the China's textile technologies.
历史上松江乌泥泾的印染技艺也很著名。扣布、稀布、标布、丁娘子布、高丽布、斜纹布、斗布、紫花布、刮成布、踏光布 等与印染的云青布、毛宝蓝、灰色布、彩印花布、蓝印花布（药斑布）等同享盛誉。目前掌握手工棉纺织和印染技艺的传承人都已是七八十岁的高龄，这项古老的技艺面临失传的危险，有必要对其进行有效保护。
The textile dyeing and finishing skills in Wunijing of Songjiang Prefecture were also very famous in history. Calico, bare cloth, t-cloth, Madame Ding cloth, Choson cloth, twill, dou cloth, purple flower cloth, scraped cloth, and taguang cloth enjoy reputations as high as those of dyed ultramarine blue cloth, diamond blue cloth, gray cloth, color print cloth, and blueprint cloth (yaoban cloth). At present, those successors who master the cotton weaving and dyeing and finishing skills are all in their seventies or eighties. Therefore, these ancient skills are liable to extinction and it is necessary to carry out effective safeguarding measures.
相关传承人：
Inheritor(s):
康新琴
Kang Xinqin