交际汉语 Lesson 27 Birthday

会话 A

（门铃。）

小江：（手捧礼品进）李老师生日快乐。

刘明：小江，快请进。

小江：刘经理，您好！

李红：小江，快请坐。

小江：李老师，这是我送给你的生日礼物。

兰兰：妈妈，快打开看看！

李红：（打开礼品）哇，真漂亮！小江，谢谢你！

兰兰：多可爱的羊啊！噢，我明白了，妈妈是属羊的。小江，你真聪明！

小江：我祝李老师高高兴兴，喜气洋洋。

兰兰：小江，是喜洋洋！

小江：反正有羊就行。

刘明：李红，这是我的礼物。

李红：（打开）（一对老夫妻）

小江：刘经理，这叫“牵子之手，与子偕老。”

刘明：小江，你的古汉语学的真不错！对，我的礼物有白头偕老的意思。另外，我还祝我的太太健康长寿。

兰兰：还有我的礼物，妈妈。

李红：来，我们看看兰兰的礼物。（口红）

兰兰：我祝妈妈永远年轻漂亮。

李红：谢谢你，兰兰。

刘明：来，我们来唱生日歌。切生日蛋糕。

（齐唱）

祝你生日快乐！祝你生日快乐??

兰兰：妈妈，许个愿！

李红：好！

（吹蜡烛）切蛋糕。（大家吃蛋糕）

兰兰：（走向小江）小江，你是属什么的？

小江：你猜猜看？

兰兰：肯定是属牛的。

小江：你真聪明，兰兰。

Translation:

(Doorbell.)

Xiao Jiang: (comes in with present) Happy birthday, Teacher Li.

Liu Ming: Xiao Jiang, come on in.

Xiao Jiang: Hello, Manager Liu!

Li Hong: Xiao Jiang, please sit down.

Xiao Jiang: Teacher Li, This is my birthday present for you.

Lan Lan: Mom, quick, open it and have a look!

Li Hong: (opens present) Wow, it's so pretty! Thank you, Xiao Jiang!

Lan Lan: The sheep is so cute! Oh, I understand, mom was born in the year of the goat. Xiao Jiang, you're really smart!

Xiao Jiang: I wish Teacher Li lots of happiness and joy.

Lan Lan: Xiao Jiang, it's "beaming with joy"!

Xiao Jiang: Anyway it sounds like "happy goats".

Liu Ming: Li Hong, this is my present.

Li Hong: (opens it)(An old couple together)

Xiao Jiang: Manager Liu, this is called" Growing old with you, hand in hand. "

Liu Ming: Xiao Jiang, your ancient Chinese is really not bad! That's right, my present does mean growing old together. Also, I wish my wife good health and a long life.

Lan Lan: And there's my present, mom.

Li Hong: Let's see Lan Lan's present. (lipstick)

Lan Lan: I hope mom stays forever young and pretty.

Li Hong: Thank you, Lan Lan.

Liu Ming: Now, let's sing the birthday song and cut the birthday cake. (sing together) Happy birthday to you! Happy birthday to you!...

Lan Lan: Mom, make a wish!

Li Hong: OK! (blows out candles) Cuts cake. (Everybody eats cake)

Lan Lan: (walks toward Xiao Jiang)Xiao Jiang, what Chinese zodiac sign are you?

Xiao Jiang: Have a guess?

Lan Lan: You must be an ox.

Xiao Jiang: You're really smart, Lan Lan.

Cultural Background

12 Signs of the Chinese Zodiac

在三万多年前，中国人发明了十天干和十二地支（按时间顺序排列）。后来人们为了记忆，用十二种动物代表十二地支，动物的排列顺序是：子鼠、丑牛、寅虎、卯兔、辰龙、巳蛇、午马、未羊、申猴、酉鸡、戌狗、亥猪等。

到过中国的人可能会发现，中国人特别相信出生年月日是决定人的性格的主要因素。传说佛僧邀请所有动物来他的国土上聚会，但遗憾的是只有12个动物来 了，而老鼠第一个到来，紧接着是牛、虎、兔、龙等。据说出于感激，佛决定按动物们到来的先后顺序命名年份。另一种说法，十二生肖的选用和排列，是根据动物 每天的活动时间确定的。从中国汉代开始就采用十二地支纪录一天的十二个时辰，每个时辰两个小时，夜晚十一时到凌晨一时是子时，此时老鼠最为活跃。凌晨一时 到三时是丑时，牛正在反刍。三时到五时是寅时，此时老虎到处游荡觅食，最为凶猛。五时到七时为卯时，这时太阳尚未升起，月亮还挂在天上，此时玉兔捣药正 忙。上午七时到九时为辰时，这正是神龙行雨的好时光。九时到十一时为巳时，蛇开始活跃起来。上午十一时到下午一时，阳气正盛，为午时，正是天马行空的时 候。下午一时到三时是未时，羊在这时吃草会长得更壮。下午三时到五时为申时，这是猴子活跃起来。五时到七时为酉时，夜幕降临，鸡开始归窝。晚上七时到九时 为戌时，狗开始守夜。晚上九时到十一时为亥时，此时为万籁俱寂，猪正在酣睡。

关于十二生肖的排列，还有各种各样的传说。总之，人们会把它当成开心解闷的笑谈。但不论怎样，在中国每个人都知道自己的属相，而且大多数中国人相信属相可以解释人的性格秘密。

Translation:

Over 30,000 years ago, the ancient Chinese invented 10 heaven stems and 12 earth branches（sequenced according to time）. As time went on, for ease of remembering, twelve animals were used to symbolize the 12 earth branches. The order of the animal signs is as follows: zi (Rat), chou(Ox), yin(Tiger), mao(Rabbit), chen(Dragon), si(Snake), wu (Horse), wei(Sheep), shen(Monkey), you(Rooster), xu(Dog) and hai(Pig).

Those who have been to China may have already discovered that the Chinese are strong believers in the importance of one's birthdate in determining personality. Legend has it that the Lord Buddha summoned all the animals to come to him before he departed from Earth. only 12 animals came to bid him farewell. As a reward, he named a year after each other one in the order that they arrived. First came the Rat, then the Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Sheep, Monkey, Rooster, Dog and Pig. Thus we have 12 signs today. Another theory is that the animal signs were determined according to the hours during which the animals were active. From the Han dynasty, the Chinese have recorded time according to the 12 earth branches. Each branch represents two hours, from 11pm to 1am it is the Zi time，when the rat is at its most active. From 1am to 3am it is Chou time, when the Ox is still regurgitating. From 3 to 5 it is Yin time, when the tiger is on the prowl for prey and at its most ferocious. Before sunrise, from5～7 or Mao time, the Jade Rabbit (said to live on the moon) is still busy preparing medicine. Then, the magic dragon stirs up rain during the Chen time, or 7～9 in the morning. From 9～11 or Si time, the snake gains liveliness. Wu time, from 11am to 1 in the afternoon, is when the Yang energy peaks and the Heavenly Horse roams free. During Wei time or 1～3pm, sheep graze at their best. While Shen time, or 3～5pm, is when monkeys start monkeying around. By the time dusk falls at 5～7pm or You time, roosters come home to roost. At 7～9 in the evening-being Ren, the dog begins its watchful guard. Then comes the hour of Hai, from 9～11, when all is quiet and the pig is sound asleep.

There will always be legends and anecdotes on how the twelve zodiac signs came to be. People will talk about the stories in casual banter. But one fact is for sure, in China， almost everyone knows their own sign, and most believe the animal ruling year in which you are born exercises a profound influence on your life.

Language Points

1、“肯定” — 表示相对有把握的猜测。

如：他肯定会回来。

2、“多可爱的羊啊！” — “多……啊!”感叹句。对某种事物或出现的情况的感慨。

如：多漂亮的衣服啊！多美的画啊！

3、“打开看看” — 动词“开”作结果补语。

（1） 表示通过动作使合拢、连接的东西分开。

如：打开盒子看看。请打开书。

（2） 表示通过动作，使人或物离开某处。

如：快离开，车来了。把桌子上的东西拿开。

4、“祝……” — 祝愿、祝福。“祝+代词+ 其他”是常用的礼貌语言。

Substitutional Drills

1、打开看看。

打开闻闻。

打开尝尝。

打开试试。

2、真漂亮。

真美。

真棒。

真酷。

真带劲(儿)。

3、多可爱的羊啊！

多可爱的小狗啊！

多可爱的小鸟啊！

多可爱的小猫啊！

4、你猜猜看。

你尝尝看。

你试试看。

你走走看。

5、肯定属牛的。

今天肯定下雨。

明天肯定晴天。

他肯定不来了。

6、祝愿您身体健康。

祝你年轻漂亮。

祝你一路平安。

祝你长命百岁。

祝你生日快乐。

祝节日愉快。

祝工作顺利。

7、属羊的。

属牛的。

属马的。

属兔的。

8、你的汉语说得真不错！

你的字写得真不错！

你的画画得真不错。

你的歌(儿)唱得真不错。