交际汉语 Lesson 26 Go to the hospital

会话 A

（在医院。）

大夫：请问，你哪(儿)不舒服？

刘明：大夫，我头很痛，还咳嗽。

大夫：发烧吗？

刘明：刚量过体温，39 度。

大夫：来，解开上衣，让我给你听一下心脏。嗓子疼吗？

刘明：有一点(儿)。

大夫：张开嘴，说“啊”。

刘明：“啊……”。

大夫：嗓子发炎了。

刘明：大夫，我得的是什么病？

大夫：病毒性感冒。可能还要持续几天高烧。这是药方，要按时吃药，多喝水。

刘明：谢谢您，大夫。

大夫：注意中药和西药不能同时吃。先吃西药，半小时后再吃中药。

Translation:

(At the hospital)

Doctor: Please tell me, how do you feel unwell?

Liu Ming: Doctor, I have a bad headache, and I have a cough.

Doctor: Do you have a fever?

Liu Ming: I've just measured my body temperature, 39 degrees.

Doctor: Here, undo your top, let me listen to your heart. Does your throat hurt?

Liu Ming: A little bit.

Doctor: Open up your mouth and say "ah".

Liu Ming: "Ah..."

Doctor: You have a throat infection.

Liu Ming: Doctor, what am I sick from?

Doctor: Viral cold. Your high fever may continue for a few days. This is the prescription, take your medication on time and drink lots of water.

Liu Ming: Thank you, doctor.

Doctor: Note that Chinese medicine and Western medicine shouldn't be taken together. Take the Western medicine first, then the Chinese medicine after half an hour.

Cultural Background

Lesson 26 Traditional Chinese Medicine
Source: CCTV.com
10-14-2007 18:14

中医中药学体系以中国古代盛行的阴阳五行学说来说明人体的生理现象和病理变化，阐明其间的关系， 并将生理、病理、诊断、用药、治疗、预防等有机地结合在一起，形成一个整体的观念和独特的理论，作为中医药学的基础。

中医认为，五脏是组成人体的五个系统，其他器官都可以分配在这些系统中，通过经络，人体就可以把全部器官组织连成一个整体，如：肾与耳相连接，肝与目相接等。经络是指经脉和络脉。

人体的疾病多种多样，并不限于五脏，但中医认为，各种疾病都与五脏有联属关系。这样中医学以五脏为中心，把人体各部分联系起来，使之形成一个统一 体。一旦人体内脏功能失调，就可以通过经络反映到体表相应的组织器官上来，出现色泽、声音、形态、脉象等方面的异常变化。医生根据这种现象综合分析，便可 以确认病情，对症下药。

中医历来采用望、闻、问、切四种方法诊断病情。“望”是察言观色，看舌头，看神色；“闻” 是听声音和嗅气味；“问”是询问病情；“切”就是诊脉，对脉搏的种种现象进行细致的分析，借以判断病人得的是什么病。

中药主要来源于天然药及其加工品，其中包括植物药，动物药，矿物药及部分化学和生物制品药。中国人用草药治病至少已有4000 年的历史。到目前为止，经药学专家考察证实的中药药物已超出8 0 0 0种，其中药用植物在6 0 0 0 种以上。西方人眼中的观赏植物也有很多被中国人作为草药。

中药的加工很有讲究，草药的采收要适时，并需经泡制方可使用。煎药时要注意器具的选用，入药的先后、火候的掌握等，很有学问。当然，最重要的还是医 生的处方。不同的病症，用药自然不一样。即使是同一种病，也要因人而异。中国历史上出现了大量的名医，他们留下的一些处方至今为医生临床所用。

Translation:

The science of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) explains the relationship between human physiology and pathology using the ancient theory of Yin Yang and the Five Elements. It brings together the building blocks of physiology, pathology, diagnosis, prescription, therapy, and prevention. This comprehensive science and its unique theories form the foundation of Chinese Medicine.

In Traditional Chinese Medicine，the major functions of the body are built around the five main organs the heart, the lungs, the kidneys, the liver and the spleen. The Chinese call them the five Zang or five solid organs. The system of the five Zang organs controls the main Yin Yang balance of the body. Other organs are distributed among these five solid organs, and all organs are connected through channels. For example, the kidney is connected to the ears, the liver to the eyes, etc. TCM also incorporates the concept of channels and the meridian, the former connects the organs, while the meridian is like a network that branches out from the channels and is thinner than the channels.

Human disease can be varied and not limited to the five organs, but, according to Chinese Medicine, all illness are related in some way to those organs. Traditional Chinese Medicine uses the five organs as the central structure that links all anatomical parts to create a whole. once the internal organs malfunction in some way, they are reflected in the corresponding or "paired" organs through channels and as a result, there will be differences in colour, sound, shape, and pulse. Based on a comprehensive analysis of these symptoms, doctors can make the correct diagnosis and prescribe the right medicines.

Diagnostics in Chinese Medicine involves four methods: observation, smell, inquiry and pulse-taking. With the trained eye, the doctor observes the patient's facial complexion and tongue. Next comes smell and listening to the patient. Assessing the history of the complaint is the basis of all good medical practice, while pulse-taking allows the doctor to interpret from the palpation of the pulse and assess which organ is diseased.

Most Chinese medicines are made from natural ingredients and preparations, including plants, animals, minerals and some chemical or biological ingredients. The history of Chinese herbal medicine stretches back more than four thousand years. So far, those Chinese medicines already proven by pharmaceutical scientists number over 8,000, while medical herbs total more than 6,000. Some of what the Western world considers to be ornamental plants are in fact part of Chinese herbal medicine.

The processing of Chinese medicine is a stringent science, for example, in the timing in gathering of herbs, their soaking and preparating for use. To brew herbal medicine, the utensil is also very important, there must be perfect timing and sequencing of the ingredients added, all the while taking into account the subtleties in cooking temperatures. However, the most important thing is the doctor's prescription. Different illnesses call for different prescriptions and different patients with the same ailment call for variations in prescription. The doctors who have combined their vast knowledge with extensive experience became hallowed names in Chinese medical history. Some of their prescriptions are still used by doctors today.

Language Points

Lesson 26 Go to the hospital
Source: CCTV.com
10-14-2007 18:17

1、“这么”— 指示代词“这么”表示程度高，也可以说成“那么”。

2、“有点儿感冒”— “有点儿”常用在形容词、动词前边，表示程度很轻。“有点儿” 有时也说成“ 有（一）点儿”。

如：有点儿发烧、有点儿疼、有点儿远、有点儿贵等。

3、“多……多……” — “多”是形容词，常在动词前作状语，动词后边常用“一点儿”、“一些”、“一会儿”和“几个”等。

如： 多喝一点儿水，多吃一些水果； 多吃几个鸡蛋，多买一些菜。

4、“不……不……”— 在这里表示强调语气，后边常常有另一句话进一步说明。

5、“让我给你听一下心脏” — “让”是一个使令动词。用法是“让+表示人的名词或代词+ 动词”。

如：让我来看一下。

Substitutional Drills

Lesson 26 Go to the hospital
Source: CCTV.com
10-14-2007 18:19

1、按时

请按时上班。

按时做操。

按时休息。

按时起床。

2、这么早就……

这么早就回来了！

这么早就走了！

这么快就结束了！

这么快就做好了！

3、每次一片，每四小时一次。

每次三片，每天三次。

每次一包，每天四次。

4、头（很）痛

嗓子痛

胃痛

肚子痛

牙痛

眼睛痛

5、多喝水，多休息。

多锻炼，多运动。

多吃水果，多吃菜。

6、不……不……

不到黄河不死心。

不洗就不能吃。

不锻练就不舒服。