Tibetan nationality layi 藏族拉伊

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：民间音乐
Category: Folk Music
地区：青海
Region: Inner Mongolia
编号：Ⅱ-21
Ref. No.: Ⅱ-21
申报地区或单位：青海省海南藏族自治州
Nominating unit[s]: Hainan Tibetan Autonomous County, Qinghai province
藏族分为卫藏、康巴、安多三大方言区，结合地形而形成三块文化特色区域。拉伊是流传在青海、甘肃、四川等广大安多方言藏区的一种专门表现爱情内容的山歌艺术，它的分布以青海湖环湖地域和黄河流域（以海南、黄南两州）为中心而向四方辐射。
The Tibetan language has three separate dialects which are found in the areas of Dbus-Gtsang, Khampa, and Amdo, which can also be found being three culturally distinctive areas. Layi, which is a form of mountain songs, which often focus on love stories, is very popular in the Amdo dialect areas in Qinghai, Gansu and Sichuan provinces. It can be found in the areas surrounding Qinghai Lake, with the Yellow River region (Hainan and Huangnan autonomous prefectures) as its centre.
拉伊脱胎于藏族山歌，公元7世纪三大藏区的划分，促成了拉伊在"下部多康"之安多藏区的广泛流播。
Layi originated from Tibetan mountain songs. The division of the three Tibetan areas in the 7th century contributed to the dissemination of Layi in the Amdo dialect area, i.e. Mdo Smad.
拉伊种类丰富，数量浩繁，内容涉及爱情生活的各个方面，完整的对歌设有一定的程序，如引歌、问候歌、相恋歌、相爱歌、相思歌、相违歌、相离歌和尾歌等。拉伊的曲调因地域不同而形成多种风格，有的强调音乐的语言性，节奏比较紧凑；有的旋律深沉、悠扬，形成自由、婉转的悠长型山歌风格；有的旋律甜美，节奏规整，形成雅致、端庄的抒咏风格等。
Layi is varied, and has a great number of songs, with its content touching on all aspects of love. Songs are often sung in an alternating, antiphonal manner, and tend to follow the structure of a lead in, a greeting, the time of falling in love, the time of being in love, being lovesick, a betrayal, a departure, and finally and ending. The tunes of Layi also fall into different categories by regions, with some emphasizing the lyrics and intensive pace of the music, while others emphasize the depth of melody and the free and melodious nature of these mountain songs, and still some others show off the sweetness of melody, evenness of rhythm and demonstrating the elegant and lyrical style of the music.
拉伊历史悠久，与藏民族的成长历程同步，承载着民族的创造力和灵感，在人类学、民族学、民俗学等研究中具有重要价值。拉伊不但显示出鲜明的区域特色和独到的艺术风格，并以其丰富的表现形式，体现出独特而重要的文化价值。
Layi has a long history that follows the development of the Tibetan nationality. Carrying the creativity and the spirit of the nationality, it is of great value in the studies of anthropology, ethnology and folklore, etc. Layi, not only embodies the distinct regional features and special art style, but also bears unique and important cultural value with its expressive ways.
相关传承人：
Inheritor(s):
切吉卓玛
Chej Dolma