Yulin xiaoqu 榆林小曲

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：曲艺
Category: Recitative, story-telling
地区：陕西
Region: Shaanxi Province
编号：Ⅴ-28
Ref. No.: V-28
申报地区或单位：陕西省榆林市
Nominating unit[s]: Yulin City, Shaanxi Province
榆林小曲是形成并主要流行于陕北榆林地区的曲艺唱曲形式，相传由明代驻扎在榆林一带的军官蓄养的歌伎从江南带来，后在长期的发展演变过程中，以当地方言演唱并吸收化用了当地的民歌小调，丰富完善为今天的曲艺品种。
Yulin xiaoqu, originated and mainly popular in the region of Yulin, Shaanxi Province, is a form of storytelling show with singing. It is said that it was first brought from the south of the Yangtze River by the female singers patronized by military officers who had stationed around Yulin in the Ming Dynasty. It developed and evolved into the current art form after a long period of time during which it had been enriched by absorbing local dialect and local folk songs and tunes.
榆林小曲的表演形式为一人或二人主唱，多人分持扬琴、古筝、琵琶、三弦、京胡、碟子等伴奏并分不同行当兼唱。其唱腔音乐十分丰富，唱腔体裁为曲牌体，或单曲反复，或联曲串唱。伴奏乐器曲目多演绎男欢女爱和儿女情长的内容，尤擅表现由此生发出的离愁别怨。榆林小曲传统的节目有短有长，《日落黄昏》、《妓女告状》、《放风筝》及《梁山伯与祝英台》、《张生戏莺莺》等皆为其中的代表性作品。
Yulin xiaoqu is performed by one or two leading singers, accompanied by others with such traditional instruments as dulcimer, guzheng, pipa, sanxian, jinghu, diezi etc. The latter occasionally sing their respective part. Its vocal music is very extensive in genre, including Qupai, single cycle or all cycle. Many tracks of the accompanying instruments are about passion of love and deep love between men and women, which are good at presenting the sorrows of parting in particular. The traditional programs of Yulin xiaoqu are of different lengths, of which the representative works are The Sunset (or Ri Luo Huang Hun), Prostitute Sues (Ji Nv Gao Zhuang), Flying Kite (Fang Feng Zheng), Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai, Jasmine (or Zhang Sheng Xi Yingying) and so on.
历史上的榆林小曲主要是由爱好者以自娱自乐方式演唱，后来出现了作为乞讨手段的走街串巷演唱、堂会演唱及高台性的经营演出。在当地人的文化生活中，榆林小曲扮演过重要的角色。但是，时至今日，这种艺术形式的发展出现了传承乏人的困难，面临失传危险，需要设法加以保护。
Initially, Yulin xiaoqu was mainly intended for self-entertainment. Later, it could be heard singing in the street for begging, or at Tanghui (an entertainment party with hired performers held at home) or on raised terraces for commercial performance. It used to play a significant role in the leisure life of the people in the region wher it was prevalent. Presently, however, there is a lack of qualified successors in the development of this art form. Hence, urgent measures are required to protect this traditional art from being lost.
相关传承人：
Inheritor(s):
林玉碧 王青
Lin Yubi and Wang Qing