Wenzhou guci 温州鼓词

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：曲艺
Category: Recitative, story-telling
地区：浙江
Region: Zhejiang Province
编号：Ⅴ—13
Ref. No.: V-13
申报地区或单位：浙江省瑞安市
Nominating unit[s]: Rui’an City, Zhejiang Province
温州鼓词是流行于浙江温州及其毗邻地区的一个曲艺品种，俗称“唱词”。因过去的艺人多为盲人，故又称为“瞽词”或“盲词”。它用温州方言表演，具有浓厚的地方色彩和独特的艺术风格，在清代中期已见流传。
Wenzhou guci is a folk vocal art form popular in Wenzhou of Zhejiang Province and surrounding areas, commonly known as “Changci” (singing lyrics). As most of those engaged in this art in the past were blind people, it was also called “瞽词” (guci) or “盲词” (mangci) [both “瞽” and “盲” mean blind]. It was performed in the Wenzhou dialect, featuring strong local characteristics and unique artistic style. It was already prevalent in the mid-Qing Dynasty.
温州鼓词的表演形式说唱相间，唱腔音乐为板腔体，基本曲调为“吟调”，节奏整齐，朗朗上口，板式变化丰富。其演出以一人“单档”为主（也有夫妻、兄妹、师徒等双档形式），演员自弹牛筋琴伴奏说唱。20世纪70年代后，曾出现过３人以上的组合演出形式。
Wenzhou guci is performed in form of singing and recitative. Its vocal music is Banqiang-style (variation of rhythmic patterns), and its basic tune is “Yingdiao”. Wenzhou guci is regular in rhythm, catchy in lyrics and extensive in the changes of rhythmic patterns. It is mainly performed by one person “Dandang” (also in double form such as couple, brother and sister, teacher and student and so on.). The performers play the Niujinqin (beef tendon fiddle) while singing and talking. It once appeared groups of over three people to perform after the 1970s.
温州鼓词的艺术传人已知的有清代的白门松、阿光儿、毛行发、陈昌德，民国时期的曹岱卿、陈壬莲、李庆新、李林姆、白象珍、王阿坤，中华人民共和国成立以来的管华山、阮世池、郑明钦、丁凌生、陈志雄、方克多、徐玉燕、林秀珍等。温州鼓词艺术积累十分深厚，传统节目众多，其中包括神话题材的《南游》和《封神》，公案题材的《包公案》，讲史题材的《征东》和《征西》，世情题材的《十二红》和《八美图》，武侠题材的《七侠五义》和《七剑十三侠》等，新编节目有《海英》、《铁道游击队》、《小二黑结婚》、《秋香爱社》等。
It is known that major figures highly skilled in Wenzhou guci include Bai Mensong, A Guang’er, Mao Xingfa, Chen Changde of the Qing Dynasty, Cao Daiqing, Chen Renlian, Li Qingxin, Li Linmu, Bai Xiangzhen, Wang Akun of the Republic of China, Guan Huashan, Ruan Shichi, Zheng Mingqin, Ding Lingsheng, Chen Zhixiong, Fang Keduo, Xu Yuyan, Lin Xiuzhen and so on after the foundation of the People’s Republic of China. Wenzhou guci is of rich artistic accumulation, so it has many traditional plays such as Nan You and Canonization of the Gods (or Feng Shen), Cases of Judge Bao (Baogong An), Xue Renggui Conqureing Liaodong Peninsula (Zheng Dong) and Xue Dingshan Conquering the West (Zheng Xi), The Twelve Prostitutes (Shi Er Hong) and The Eight Women (Ba Mei Tu), The Seven Heroes and Five Gallants (Qi Xia Wu Yi) and The Seven Swords and Thirteen Swordsmen (Qi Jian Shi San Xia) and so on. New plays are Hai Ying, The Railway Guerrillas, Xiao Er Hei’s Marriage, Qiu Xiang’s Love for the People's Commune (Qiu Xiang Ai She).
进入21世纪以来，温州鼓词的发展面临困境，演出很少，传人断档，急需保护。
Since the 21st century, the development of Wenzhou guci has been in difficult conditions, such sort of performances have been hardly available, and successors have fallen short, so it is badly in need of protection.
 
相关传承人：
Inheritor(s):
阮世池 方克多
Ruan Shichi and Fang Keduo