Laoting Dagu (‘big drum’ recitative) 乐亭大鼓

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：曲艺
Category: Folk Vocal Art Forms
地区：河北
Region: Hebei Province
编号：Ⅴ-8
Ref. No.: V-8
申报地区或单位：河北省乐亭县
Nominating unit[s]: laoting County, Hebei Province
乐亭大鼓是北方较有代表性的曲艺鼓书暨鼓曲形式，广泛流传于冀东、京、津及东北的辽宁、吉林、黑龙江等地。演出时由一人自击鼓板站立说唱，另有人分持三弦等乐器伴奏。乐亭大鼓相传1850年前后由温荣创立于河北乐亭县，曾与评戏、唐山皮影并称"冀东民间艺术的三朵花"。自形成以来，名人辈出，流传较广，有较为深厚的群众基础和文化底蕴。温荣之外，其传人陈际昌、齐祯（齐珍）、冯福昌、王恩鸿、王德有、戚用武、戚文峰、韩香圃、靳文然、张云霞、贾幼然、姚顺悦等是各个历史时期的代表性艺人，其中尤以民国时期的韩香圃和靳文然最为著名，他们各自的艺术被分别尊为"韩（香圃）派"和"靳（文然）派"。
laoting Dagu is a typical art form of ballad and recitative with drum accompaniment，widely popular in eastern Hebei Province, Beijing, Tianjin and northeast China including Liaoning Province, Jilin Province and Heilongjiang Province, among other areas. During a laoting Dagu performance, one performer tells stories and sings while standing and beating clappers, with music from Sanxian (a three-stringed plucked instrument) and other instruments played by other performers. It is said that laoting Dagu was created by Wen Rong in laoting County, Hebei Province around 1850. Pingju, Tangshan Pingyi-xi and laoting Dagu were ever known as "Three Great Folk Art Forms in the Eastern Hebei Province". Since its birth, masters have come forth in large numbers, and it, with a profound cultural foundation, has been very popular among ordinary people. Wen Rong and his successors like Chen Jichang, Qi Zhen, Feng Fuchang, Wang Enhong, Wang Deyou, Qi Yongwu, Qi Wenfeng, Han Xiangpu, Jin Wenran, Zhang Yunxia, Jia Youran, Yao Shunyue were of typical masters in their respective times. Of which, Han Xiangpu and Jin Wenran of the Republic of China period were better known, and their respective styles were distinguished as "Han (Xiangpu) School" and "Jin (Wenran) School".
乐亭大鼓世代相承的传统曲（书）目达三百多个，长、中、短篇均有，《东汉》、《隋唐》、《三侠五义》、《呼延庆打擂》、《金陵府》、《小上坟》、《蓝桥会》、《古城会》、《玉堂春》、《长生殿》等是其中的典型代表。乐亭大鼓的唱词多有灵动儒雅之气，文学价值较高。其唱腔音乐为板腔体，曲调丰富多变。除有完整的慢板、流水板、快板、散板外，并有上字调和凡字调两种不同调性的往复转换，板式变化十分灵活。
The traditional repertoire of laoting Dagu passed down over generations consists of more than 300 works, long, medium and short, represented by such classic pieces as The Eastern Han Dynasty (or Dong Han), The Sui and Tang Dynasties (or Sui Tang), Three Kinght-errants and Five Righteous One (or San Xia Wu Yi), Hu Yanqing is In Battle (or Hu Yan Qing Da Lei), Jinling Official Residence (Jin Ling Fu), Visit the Grave (or Xiao Shang Fen), Rendezvous at Orchid Bridge (or Lan Qiao Hui), Brothers Together Again (or Gu Cheng Hui), the Story of Su San (or Yu Tang Chun), the Palace of Eternal Youth (or Chang Sheng Dian). Its libretto has a sense of liveliness and elegance that is of much significance in literature. The vocal music is in the style of Banqiang (a musical style with symmetrical two lines), with the diverse and varied tunes. Besides the complete adagio, flowing beats, allegro and lento, the conversion is made between bB and bA back and forth. In the meantime, it is quiet flexible to change the rhythm.
目前，乐亭大鼓在发展中出现了严重颓势，急需扶持和抢救。
laoting Dagu now suffers a serious downturn and urgently needs to be supported and rescued.
相关传承人：
Inheritors:
何建春 张近平 王立岩
He Jianchun, Zhang Jinping and Wang Liyan