Xihe Dag(‘Big Drum’ Recitative) 西河大鼓

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：曲艺
Category: Recitative, story-telling
地区：河北
Region: Hebei Province
编号：Ⅴ-5
Ref. No.: V-5
申报地区或单位：河北省河间市
Nominating unit[s]: Hejian City, Hebei Province
西河大鼓是北方较为典范的鼓书暨鼓曲形式，普遍流行于河北境内并流传周边河南、山东、北京、天津和内蒙古及东北地区。在流传过程中曾有过"大鼓书"、"梅花调"、"西河调"、"河间大鼓"和"弦子鼓"等名称，20世纪20年代在天津被定名为"西河大鼓"，沿用至今。
Xihe Dagu is a typical North-China-style folk vocal art, performed in the form of story-telling and singing with drum hits. It is widely popular in Hebei and has spread to Henan, Shandong, Beijing, Tianjin, Inner Mongolia and Northeast China. It was once known as "Dagu Shu", "Meihua Diao", "Xihe Diao", "Hejian Dagu" and "Xianzi Gu", etc, as it was spreading. In 1920s, it was formally named as "Xihe Dagu" in Tianjin, which is still in use today.
西河大鼓由木板大鼓发展而来，创始人一般认为是木板大鼓的著名艺人马瑞河（马三疯子），起源时间约在清代道光、咸丰年间。
Xihe Dagu evolved from Muban Dagu ('Big Drum' Recitative). It was generally believed that the famous artist Ma Ruihe (also known as Madman Masan) invented Muban Dagu which could date back to Emperors Daoguang's and Xianfeng's reigns of the Qing Dynasty.
西河大鼓的表演形式为一人自击铜板和书鼓说唱，另有专人操三弦伴奏。其唱腔简洁苍劲，风格似说似唱，韵味非常独特。传统节目长、中、短篇都有，已知名目的有中长篇一百五十余部，书帽及小段三百七十余个，内容多为历史征战故事和民间通俗演义，情节曲折，语言生动，是我国优秀的民间艺术遗产。
Xihe Dagu is performed in the following form: one person hits a copper plate and performs Shugu by singing alone while another person plays a three-stringed lute for accompaniment. It has simple and vigorous vocal music, talk-like yet sing-like style, and unique lasting appeal. The traditional shows of Xihe Dagu include long, medium-length and short stories, wher the well-known ones have more than 150 long and medium-length stories and 370 Shumao and short paragraphs; the contents are mostly based on the stories of historical battles and popular folk historical novels; the story line is intricate and the words are vivid. Hence, Xihe Dagu has been awarded as one of outstanding folk art heritages of China.
西河大鼓自诞生之日起就受到广大流行地群众的喜爱，出现过马瑞河、朱化麟（朱大官）、毛贲（王振元）、王再堂（转眼王）、张双来、郝英吉、赵玉峰、马连登、王书祥、李全林、马增芬、王艳芬、段少舫等著名艺人，以及《响马传》、《呼家将》、《薛家将》、《刘公案》、《施公案》、《前后七国》、《小两口争灯》等经典节目。20世纪中后期以来，西河大鼓的传承与发展出现了空前的危机，创演凋零，传人断档，大有消亡的危险，亟待抢救和保护。
Xihe Dagu has got favor of the great masses in its prevailing region since it was first performed. There once emerged many famous artists including Ma Ruihe, Zhu Hualin (also known as Zhu Daguan), Mao Bi (also known as Wang Zhenyuan), Wang Zaitang (also known as King of Twinkling Eyes), Zhang Shuanglai, Hao Yingji, Zhao Yufeng, Ma Liandeng, Wang Shuxiang, Li Quanlin, Ma Zengfen, Wang Yanfen, Duan Shaofang etc., and there also appeared a number of classic shows such as Xiang Ma Zhuang, Hu Jia Jiang, Xue Jia Jiang, the Legal Case of Liu Gong, the Legal Case of Shi Gong, Seven States from Start to Finish, The Young Couple Struggle for Light, etc. Since the middle and late 20th century, there has been an unprecedented crisis in regard to the inheritance and development of Xihe Dagu. The lack of innovation in and of successors to Xihe Dagu betokens the great possibility of its extinction. Hence, immediate salvage and protective measures are required so as to prevent this art from being lost.
相关传承人：
Inheritor(s):
伍振英 张领娣
Wu Zhenying and Zhang Lingdi