Yangge秧歌

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：民间舞蹈
Category: Folk Dance
地区：河北，辽宁，山东，陕西
Regions: Hebei Province, Liaoning Province, Shandong Province, and Shaanxi Province
编号：Ⅲ-2
Ref. No.: Ⅲ-2
秧歌是中国（主要在北方地区）广泛流传的一种极具群众性和代表性的民间舞蹈的类称，不同地区有不同称谓和风格样式。在民间，对秧歌的称谓分为两种：踩跷表演的称为“高跷秧歌”，不踩跷表演的称为“地秧歌”。近代所称的“秧歌”大多指“地秧歌”。秧歌历史悠久，南宋周密在《武林旧事》中介绍的民间舞队中就有“村田乐”的记载，清代吴锡麟的《新年杂咏抄》中明文记载了现存秧歌与宋代“村田乐”的源流关系。现各地的秧歌一般以秧歌舞队为主要形态，舞队人数少则十数人，多时达上百人，既有集体舞，也有双人舞、三人舞等多种表演形式，根据角色的需要手持相应的手绢、伞、棒、鼓、钱鞭等道具，在锣鼓、唢呐等吹打乐器的伴奏下尽情舞蹈。各地秧歌的舞法、动作和风格各不相同，有的威武雄浑，有的柔美俏丽，千姿百态，美不胜收。
Yangge is the general name of a widespread and representative group-based folk dance in China (mainly in North China). It is known by different names and has different styles in various places. There are two main types of Yangge: “gaoqiao yangge (stilt yangge)”, which is performed on stilts, and “Ground Yangge”, performed without stilts. The “Yangge” we know in modern times mainly refers to the “Ground Yangge”. Yangge has a long history. It was recorded as “Cuntianle” in Memories of Wulin by Zhou Mi of the Southern Song Dynasty when introducing folk dance troupes. The relationship between what we call Yangge today and the “Cuntianle” in the Song Dynasty is recorded in Miscellaneous Odes to New Year by Wu Xilin of the Qing Dynasty. Today, Yangge is mainly performed by Yangge troupes, with each troupe consisting of dozens or even over 100 members, in the form of group dances, duo dances or trio dances, etc., and if required by the roles, performers may dance with the accompaniment of wind and percussion instruments like gongs, drums and sona, holding props like handkerchiefs, umbrellas, bars, drums or copper cash whips. Yangge in different places varies in terms of its steps, movements and styles. No matter mighty or gentle, the styles or movements are all fantastic and entertaining.
秧歌是中国北方最具代表性的民间舞种之一，既有表演性的，也有自娱性的，自娱娱人，深受老百姓的喜爱。各地均出现过一些有代表性的民间秧歌艺人，很多民间艺人对新中国舞蹈事业的建设发挥过重要作用。在农村经济快速发展，文化环境随之发生变化的今天，能够掌握传统秧歌技艺和纯正舞蹈风格的民间艺人已寥若晨星，保护和传承工作亟待进行。
As one of the most representative folk dances in North China, Yangge is either practiced as part of a performance or individually and is highly popular among the people. Representative Yangge artists have been emerging in different places, and many of them have made important contributions to the construction of dance in modern China. Today, as the cultural environment changes with the rapid development of the rural economy, few folk artists exist who can master the traditional techniques and authentic styles of Yangge. Hence conservation and inheritance efforts for Yangge are urgently required.
秧歌•昌黎地秧歌
Yangge•Changli District Yangge
申报地区或单位：河北省昌黎县
Nominating unit[s]: Changli County, Hebei Province
昌黎地秧歌是河北省最具代表性的民间舞种之一，分布在河北省昌黎、卢龙、抚宁、乐亭、滦县等地。它最早产生于元代，一直流传至今。
As one of the most representative folk dances in Hebei Province, Changli District Yangge is distributed in Changli, Lulong, Funing, Laoting and Luanxian of Hebei. It has been passed down even since its beginnings in the Yuan Dynasty.
昌黎地秧歌从形式到内容都有鲜明的个性。它形式上分为排街秧歌和场子秧歌两种，内容上除“平秧歌”无固定情节外，大多是“秧歌出子”。昌黎地秧歌的行当分为“妞”、“丑”、“”、“公子”几种，表演各具特色。昌黎地秧歌产生之初，各行当均由男性扮演。在角色、结构、服饰上受蒙古族文化影响，现在地秧歌中“丑”角所戴的“缨子帽”就是从蒙古族服饰发展而来的。昌黎地秧歌与当地的民间歌舞、小戏有密切联系，表现形式活泼、内容丰富，呈现出角色化、行当化的艺术特征，能深刻地表现人物的性格和情感，丰富细腻地表达动作意图，这在民间舞蹈中显得十分突出。昌黎地秧歌中著名的秧歌小戏有《扑蝴蝶》、《锯缸》、《王二小赶脚》、《傻柱子接媳妇》、《跑驴》等。昌黎地秧歌的舞蹈强调身体各部位的相互配合，肩、胯、膝、腕扭动灵活，表现诙谐有趣。以著名民间艺人周国宝为代表的周派、张谦为代表的张派、卢凤春为代表的卢派等几种地秧歌的风格流派各具魅力，家喻户晓。中华人民共和国成立后，昌黎地秧歌节目《跑驴》参加了世界青年联欢节，获得银奖。1996年，昌黎县被文化部命名为“中国民间艺术之乡”。
Changli District Yangge is characteristic from form to content. In terms of form, it is divided into Street Yangge and Court Yangge; as for content, except for “Plain Yangge”, which has no fixed plots, most of Changli District Yangge belongs to “Yangge Chuzi” (Yangge with fixed plots). Roles of Changli District Yangge include “Niu” (girl), “Chou” (Joker), and “Gongzi” (young gentleman), etc., each of which has its unique features. At the beginning, all roles of the Changli District Yangge were played by men. The characters, structure and costumes of Changli District Yangge have been influenced by Mongolian culture. For instance, the “tassel hat” worn by “Chou” was developed from Mongolian costumes. Closely related to local folk songs, dances and mini-plays, Changli District Yangge is vivid in form, rich in content and distinctive in its roles and characters; it can deeply express the personalities and emotions of the characters and exquisitely express the intention of the movements. Famous mini-plays of Changli District Yangge include Catching Butterflies, Sawing the Water Vat, Wang Erxiao Driving the Donkey for Transportation, Silly Zhuzi Meeting his Wife, and Driving the Donkey, etc. The dancing of Changli District Yangge emphasizes the coordination of different parts of the body and flexible movements of the shoulders, hips, knees and wrists for humorous presentation. Different schools like the Zhou School represented by famous folk artist Zhou Guobao, the Zhang School represented by Zhang Qiang and the Lu School represented by Lu Fengchun, etc., are all well-known for their respective charm. After the foundation of the People’s Republic of China, Driving the Donkey, a representative work of Changli District Yangge, participated in the World Youth Festival and won the silver award. In 1996, Changli County was named the “Town of Chinese Folk Arts” by the Ministry of Culture.
昌黎地秧歌是一种体现农民生活情趣、舞蹈风格鲜明独特的秧歌形式，它反映了农业社会、农村生活的部分特征和农民乐观诙谐的精神风貌。但由于社会经济的迅速发展、艺人高龄化等原因，昌黎地秧歌的传承面临着严峻形势，亟待抢救和保护。
Changli District Yangge boasts vivid characteristics which embody the interesting scenes of the life of farmers and reflect some features of rural society and rural life as well as the optimistic lifestyle of the farmers. However, due to the rapid development of society and the economy as well as the aging of artists, the survival and inheritance of Changli District Yangge is in jeopardy. Efforts to rescue and conserve Changli District Yangge are urgently required.
秧歌•鼓子秧歌
Yangge•Guzi Yangge
申报地区或单位：山东省商河县
Nominating unit[s]: Shanghe County, Shandong Province
鼓子秧歌分布在今山东鲁北平原的商河地区，是山东三大秧歌之一。鼓子秧歌源于北宋，成于明，盛于清。据当地著名老艺人说，北宋年间，商河一带连年受灾，包公从河南到此放粮，赈济灾民，并由他的属下把鼓子秧歌传授给当地百姓。后来每逢新春佳节人们就跑起秧歌，以示对包公的感激之情，流传至今，相沿成俗。
Popularized in the Shanghe area in the North Shandong Plain of Shandong Province, Guzi Yangge is one of the three kinds of Yangge in Shandong. Guzi Yangge originated in the Northern Song Dynasty, matured in the Ming Dynasty and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. According to well-known local artists, in the Northern Song Dynasty, Shanghe suffered a series of natural disasters which impacted the region for several years; Bao Zheng arrived in Shanghe from Henan to organize disaster relieves, and sent his subordinates to teach Guzi Yangge to the local people. Subsequently, people began performing Yangge on the Spring Festival to show their appreciation to Bao Zheng. This custom has been passed down to the present day
鼓子秧歌在商河民间上至老者下至少儿都爱学会跳。全县21个乡镇，八百多个村都能组织秧歌队。秧歌队伍中有伞头、鼓子、棒槌、腊花、丑角五种角色，表演风格迥异，韵味独特。现存鼓子秧歌主要分为“行程”和“跑场”两部分，“行程”是舞队在行进或进入场地前的舞蹈；“跑场”是表演的主体，又分不同角色表演的“文场”和“武场”。鼓子秧歌表演所跑的场子队形极为丰富，有“牛鼻钳”、“勾心梅”、“一街二门”、“六六大顺”、“里四外八”、“八条街”、“四门斗”等百余种。“伞头”动作圆润，“鼓子”动作粗犷豪放，“棒槌”动作轻巧敏捷，“腊花”动作泼辣大方，而颠颤、划圆、蹲扑、跳窜等动作为各角色所共有。
Shanghe’s citizens, old or young, can all perform Guzi Yangge. Over 800 villages in 21 townships of the county are capable of organizing Yangge troupes. A Yangge troupe has five roles: Santou, Guzi, Bangchui, Lahua and Choujue, each of them has unique performing styles and charm. The existing Guzi Yangge is divided into two parts: “Xingcheng” and “Paochang”. “Xingcheng” is the dance of the troupe during the procession or before entry into the site; “Paochang” is the main part of the performance, which is further divided into the “Civil Performance” and the “Martial Performance” according to different performance roles. The Guzi Yangge performance has over 100 formation, including “Niubi Qian”, “Gouxin Mei”, “One Street and Two Doors”, “Everything Going Well”, “Four Inside and Eight Outside”, “Eight Streets” and “Four-door Formation”, etc.. “Santou” features streamlined movements, “Guzi” features bold and unconstrained movements, “Bangchui” features agile movements and “Lahua” features open-handed movements. All the roles feature common movements such as trembling, drawing circles, crouching, dashing and jumping, etc.
鼓子秧歌舞者众多，组织严密，形式完整，舞技健美，气势磅礴，蕴藏深厚的历史文化内涵，富有浓郁的时代气息和鲜明的地方特色。新中国成立后，鼓子秧歌多次参加全国民间艺术大赛，屡获大奖。1996年，商河县被文化部授予“中国民间艺术之乡”称号。鼓子秧歌的继承与发展，丰富了群众文化生活，传承了中华民族的优秀文化，具有较高的审美价值和研究价值。
Guzi Yangge features groups of dancers, strict organization, complete form, graceful postures, great momentum, profound historical and cultural connotations, strong flavor of the times as well as bright local characteristics. Since the foundation of the People’s Republic of China, Guzi Yangge has frequently participated in national folk arts competitions and won a number of awards. In 1996, Shanghe County was given the title “Town of Chinese Folk Arts” by the Ministry of Culture. Guzi Yangge has high aesthetic and research value, and its inheritance and development has enriched the cultural life of the people and promoted Chinese culture.
秧歌•胶州秧歌
Yangge•Jiaozhou Yangge
申报地区或单位：山东省胶州市
Nominating unit[s]: Jiaozhou City, Shandong Province
胶州秧歌是山东三大秧歌之一，又称“地秧歌”、“耍秧歌”、“跷秧歌”、“扭断腰”、“三道弯”等，流行于山东省胶州市东小屯村一带。胶州秧歌起源于清咸丰年间，据清代宋观炜所作《秧歌词》的描述推测，当时的胶州秧歌舞蹈动作、行当名称、服装道具等与现在基本相同。
As one of the three kinds of Yangge in Shandong, Jiaozhou Yangge is also called the “Ground Yangge”, “Performing Yangge”, “Qiao yangge”, “Twisting the Waist to the Most” and “Three Turns”, etc. It is popular in the area around Xiaotun Village in the east of Jiaozhou City of Shandong Province. Jiaozhou Yangge originated in the Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty. The Yangge Lyrics by Song Guanwei of the Qing Dynasty notes that the dancing postures, roles, costumes and props, etc. of Jiaozhou Yangge then were basically the same as those of today.
胶州秧歌有膏药客、翠花、扇女、小、棒槌、鼓子等角色，基本动作主要有“翠花扭三步”、“撇扇”、“小扭”、“棒花”、“丑鼓八态”等，表演程序有“开场白”、“跑场”、“小戏”三部分，跑场队形有“十字梅”、“四门斗”、“两扇门”、“正反挖心”、“大摆队”、“绳子头”等，还有《送闺女》、《三贤》、《小姑贤》、《双推磨》等小戏。胶州秧歌中，女性舞蹈动作抬重踩轻腰身飘，行走如同风摆柳，富有韧性和曲线美，“扭断腰”、“三道弯”为其代表动作；“棒槌”的动作轻脆洒脱；“鼓子”的动作有“丑鼓八态”，韵味奇特。其音乐由打击乐、唢呐牌子、民间小调三大部分组成。小戏秧歌原有72个剧目，现存135个。胶州全市现有秧歌队一百多支。中华人民共和国成立后，有关人员曾先后七次对胶州秧歌进行挖掘整理，现已将其编列为汉民族舞蹈的教材之一。1996年，小屯村被文化部授予“中国民间艺术之乡”的称号。
Jiaozhou Yangge has roles including the Plaster Man, Cui Hua, Shan Nu (The Lady with a Fan), Xiao Man, Bangchui and Guzi, etc. and basic movements like “Three Steps of Cui Hua”, “Putting aside the Fan”, “Xiao Niu”, “Bang Hua” and “Eight Postures of Chougu”, etc., performing processes like “Prologue”, “Paochang” and “Playlet”, Paochang processions like “Crossing Plum”, “Four-door Formation”, “Two Doors”, “Front and Back”, “The Great Swing” and “Rope End” etc., and mini-plays like Seeing off the Daughter, Three Persons of Virtue, Young Aunt, Two Grinders, etc. In Jiaozhou Yangge, female dancing features high leg-raising, light stamping, buoyant postures and walking like swinging willow, which are full of flexibility and the beauty of curves and represented by “Twisting the Waist to the Most” and “Three Turns”; “Bangchui” features free and easy movements; “Guzi” has unique movements represented by “Eight postures of Chougu”. The music of Jiaozhou Yangge consists of percussion music, Sona Tune and Folk Chanson. This Yangge has grown from its original 72 mini-plays to 135 existing mini-plays. There are over 100 Yangge troupes in Jiaozhou City as of today. Since the foundation of the People’s Republic of China, researchers have explored and compiled materials about Jiaozhou Yangge on seven occasions. Jiaozhou Yangge is now listed as part of the teaching material of folk dances of the Han Nationality. In 1996, Xiaotun village was honored with the title “Town of Chinese Folk Arts” by the Ministry of Culture.
胶州秧歌萌生于乡土，活跃于民间，在发展中自行流变，是群众自发参与、自由宣泄、自娱自乐的广场民间艺术，展现了胶东农村女性特有的健美体态和情性魅力，具有较高的审美价值和艺术研究价值。
Jiaozhou Yangge originated in the countryside. It became active among the people and underwent transformation during the course of its development. As a square-based folk art for the crowd to participate in voluntarily and freely express themselves, it shows the healthy posture and charm of women in the countryside of the east of Jiaozhou, and has high aesthetic and artistic research value.
秧歌•海阳大秧歌
Yangge•Haiyang Dayangge (Great Yangge)
申报地区或单位：山东省海阳市
Nominating unit[s]: Haiyang City, Shandong Province
海阳大秧歌是山东三大秧歌之一，系民间社火中的舞蹈部分，流行于山东半岛南翼、黄海之滨的海阳市一带。
As one of the three kinds of Yangge of Shandong, Haiyang Dayangge is the dancing portion of the civilian community fire performance. It is popular in the south section of the Shandong Peninsula and the area around Haiyang City on the coast of the Yellow Sea.
海阳大秧歌是一种集歌、舞、戏于一体的民间艺术形式，它遍布海阳的十余处乡镇，并辐射至周边地区。据海阳赵家庄《赵氏谱书》记载：“二世祖（赵）通，世袭（大嵩卫）指挥、镇抚，诰封武略将军。洪熙元年，欣逢五世同堂，上赐'七叶衍祥'金额，悬匾谷旦，诸位指挥偕缙绅光临赐贺。乐舞生闻《韶》，率其创练之秧歌，舞唱于庭，其乐融融。”据此可知，海阳秧歌实创于明代。
Haiyang Dayangge is a folk art integrating singing, dancing and operatic performance. It is popular in over 10 townships of Haiyang as well as the surrounding areas. According to the Pedigree of the Zhao Family in Zhaojiazhuang, Haiyang, The 2nd generation of the ancestor (Zhao) Tong inherited command of Dasongwei and was anointed the title of General Wulue. In the first year of the Hongxi Period, when the five generations are gathered in the family, His Majesty granted the family the Golden Stele of 'Qi Ye Yan Xiang (Seven Branches amplify happiness)', and generals and officials came for celebration. The Yuewusheng danced Yangge in the court, which added to the joyful atmosphere of the celebration. This record confirms Haiyang Yangge’s origins in the Ming Dynasty.
海阳大秧歌表演内容丰富，队伍结构严谨，主要由三部分组成。出行时排在最前列的是执事部分，其次是乐队，随后是舞队。舞队有各类角色几十人，其中包括指挥者--药大夫，集体表演者--花鼓、小、霸王鞭，双人表演者--货郎与翠花、箍漏与王大娘、丑婆与傻小子、老头与老婆、相公与媳妇等，排在最后的是秧歌剧人物或戏曲杂扮者。秧歌队常用阵式有“二龙吐须”、“八卦斗”、“龙摆尾”、“龙盘尾”、“二龙绞柱”、“三鱼争头”、“众星捧月”等。海阳秧歌舞蹈动作的突出特点是跑扭结合，舞者在奔跑中扭动，女性扭腰挽扇、上步抖肩，活泼大方；男性颤步晃头、挥臂换肩，爽朗风趣。
Haiyang Dayangge features rich performance content and a strict procession structure. It mainly consists of three parts: the first part is the Yangge director team, which is followed by the band and the dance team. The dance team consists of dozens of members which take on various roles, including the conductor—the doctor, the collective performers--Huagu, Xiao Man, Master Whip and the Duo dancers-the peddler and Cui Hua, Ge Lou and Aunt Wang, the ugly old lady and the Little Idiot, the old man and his wife, the husband and the wife, etc. The last part consists of characters of the Yangge Opera or other miscellaneous roles. Common procession forms of Yangge troupes include “Two Dragons Spitting Whiskers”, “Eight Trigrams”, “Dragon Waving the Tail”, “Dragon Coiling the Tail”, “Two Dragons Twisting around the Column”, “Three Fish Striving to be No. 1”, and “Stars Twinkling around the Moon”, etc. The most distinctive feature of the dance movements of Haiyang Yangge is the combination of running and twisting; namely, the dancers twist their bodies while running, with female dancers twisting their waists, fanning fans and shaking their shoulders, all with bright and graceful movements; male dancers walk in trembling steps, shake their heads, and wave their arms, in a hearty and humorous fashion.
海阳大秧歌是海阳人民集体智慧和创造精神的体现，在现实中，海阳秧歌鲜明地展现了海阳农村百姓的精神风貌和性格特征，是一方地域文化的重要组成部分，具有审美价值和历史价值，对于丰富群众的文化生活、构建和谐社会起到了重要的促进作用。海阳大秧歌现已被编列为汉民族舞蹈教材之一。1996年，海阳市被文化部命名为“中国民间艺术之乡”。
Haiyang Dayangge embodies the collective wisdom and creativity of the People of Haiyang. It represents the spiritual bearing and characteristics of the people in the countryside of Haiyang and constitutes an important part of the regional culture. Therefore, it has high aesthetic and historical value and functions as a means for enriching the people’s cultural life and building a harmonious society. Haiyang Dayangge has now been listed as one of the teaching materials of dances of the Han Nationality. In 1996, Haiyang City was honored with the title “Town of Chinese Folk Arts” by the Ministry of Culture.
秧歌•陕北秧歌
Yangge•Shanbei Yangge
申报地区或单位：陕西省绥德县
Nominating unit[s]: Suide County, Shaanxi Province
陕北秧歌是流传于陕北高原的一种具有广泛群众性和代表性的传统舞蹈，又称“闹红火”、“闹秧歌”、“闹社火”、“闹阳歌”等。它主要分布在陕西榆林、延安、绥德、米脂等地，历史悠久，内容丰富，形式多样。其中绥德秧歌最具代表性。
Shanbei Yangge is a representative and group-based traditional dance popular on the Shanbei Plateau. It is also called “Dancing for Prosperity”, “Dancing Yangge” or “Dancing the Community Fire Performance”, etc. Mainly popular in Yulin, Yan’an, Suide and Mizhi of Shanxi, it has a long history, rich content and diversified forms. Suide Yangge is its most representative form.
绥德可谓陕北秧歌的中心，那里的农村至今仍保留传统的秧歌表演程式、礼俗和风格特色，其中既有古代乡人驱傩的“神会秧歌”、“二十八宿老秧歌”，也有1942年之后才兴起的新秧歌。秧歌表演者常有数十人，有的多达近百人，在伞头的率领下，踏着铿锵的锣鼓，和着嘹亮的唢呐，作出扭、摆、走、跳、转的动作尽情欢舞。沉浸在欢乐愉快的喜庆气氛中的陕北高原秧歌表演十分红火。秧歌吸收当地流传的水船、跑驴、高跷、狮子、踢场子等形式中的艺术元素，组成浩浩荡荡的秧歌队。传统的老秧歌、神会秧歌中保存着“起场”、“谒庙”、“敬神”等祭祀礼俗，表演中还有拜门（又称沿门子）、搭彩门、踩大场、转九曲等活动。一个秧歌队从数十人到上百人不等，表演中有“原地扭”、“走十字步”、“三步一跳”、“斜身步”、“抖肩步”等，陕北秧歌分为“大场”和“小场”两种，大场队形变化丰富，有“龙摆尾”、“卷白菜”、“十字梅花”、“二龙吐水”、“十二莲灯”等数百种排列法；小场表演包括“水船”、“跑驴”、“高跷”、“霸王鞭”等。也可根据动作风格和内容划分为“文场子”、“武场子”、“踢场子”、“丑场子”等；其中“踢场子”为表现男女爱情生活的双人舞，有较高难度的舞蹈动作，需展示“软腰”、“二起脚”、“三脚不落地”、“龙爪穿云”、“金鸡独立”、“金钩倒挂”等高难技巧。陕北秧歌在1942年的延安新秧歌运动中成为主角，被赋予了新的精神风貌和时代内容，并随着革命形势的发展而传遍全国。
Suide can be called the center of Shanbei Yangge. The processes, rites and styles of the traditional Yangge have been maintained well in the countryside in Suide, including “Worshiping Yangge” and “28-constellation Old Yangge”, a form of Yangge practiced by ancient people to perform exorcisms. The new forms of Yangge emerging after 1942 have also been maintained. Yangge often incorporates dozens or even up to 100 dancers led by the Shantou. The dancers perform movements like twisting, swinging, walking, jumping and turning with the accompaniment of gongs, drums and Sona. The performance features a joyful atmosphere and passionate movements. The Yangge has absorbed artistic elements from different local performing arts like “The Boat”, “Driving the Donkey”, “gaoqiao (stilt)”, and the “Kicking Court”, etc., and forms the mighty Yangge troupes. The traditional Yangge and Worshiping Yangge maintain worshiping rites like “Warming Up”, “Paying Respect to the Temple”, ”Worshiping Gods”, etc. There are also activities like “Worshiping the Door (or walking alongside the door)”, “Setting Up the Colorful Door”, “Stamping around the Big Court” or “Nine Turns”, etc. A Yangge troupe often consists of dozens or even over 100 members. Their performance includes “In-situ Twisting”, “Cross Walking”, “A Jump Every Three Steps”, “Inclined-body Steps” and “Steps While Shaking Shoulders”, etc. Shanbei Yangge is divided into the “Large Court” and the “Small Court”, with the Large Court featuring hundreds of formations, including “Dragon Waving the Tail”, “The Cabbage”, “Crossing Plum”, “Two Dragons Spitting Water” and “12 Lotus Lanterns”; and the Small Court including performances of “The Boat”, “Driving the Donkey”, “Stilt” and the “Master Whip”. According to its style of movements and content, it can also be classified into the “Civil Court”, the “Martial Court”, the “Kicking Court” or the “Joker Court”, etc. The “Kicking Court” is a two-person dance representing the lives of two lovers, which features difficult movements, such as “Soft Waist”, “Two-stage kicking”, “Three Steps in the Air”, “Dragon Paw Crossing the Cloud”, “Standing on One Foot” and “Overhead Kick” etc. Shanbei Yangge led the New Yangge Movement of Yan’an in 1942 and was endowed with the spirit and content of the new era. Along with the development of the revolution, it gradually spread throughout the whole nation.
陕北秧歌表现了陕北群众质朴、憨厚、乐观的性格，具有突出的历史文化价值。
Shanbei Yangge embodies the simple, honest and optimistic character of the people in Shanbei and has extraordinary historical and cultural value.
秧歌•抚顺地秧歌
Yangge•Fushun District Yangge
申报地区或单位：辽宁省抚顺市
Nominating unit[s]: Fushun City, Liaoning Province
抚顺地秧歌，有时也被称为“鞑子秧歌”，是一种形成年代久远，民族性、民间性及地域特色都极为浓厚的民间舞蹈形式，主要流传在今辽宁省抚顺满族发祥地一带。抚顺地秧歌形成于清初，一直流传至今。它与满族先世的民间舞蹈有着直接的渊源关系。据史书记载，唐代已有名为“踏锤”的舞蹈，明代有被称为“莽式”的歌舞，它们对抚顺地秧歌的形成有一定的影响作用。
Fushun District Yangge, sometimes called “Tartar Yangge”, is a folk dance with a long history, strong national characteristics, and regional character. It is mainly distributed in the area around the cradle of the Manchu in Fushun, Liaoning Province. Fushun District Yangge originated in the beginning of the Qing Dynasty has been passed down until now. It has a direct relationship with the folk dance of the ancestors of the Manchu. According to historical records, there was the dance called “Tachui” in the Tang Dynasty and a dance called “Mangshi” in the Ming Dynasty, both of which had a direct influence on the formation of Fushun District Yangge.
抚顺地秧歌中最具代表性的人物是旗装打扮的“鞑子官”和仅穿皮袄、斜挎串铃及各种生活和狩猎器具的“克里吐”（俗称“外鞑子”）。其表演动作多源自跃马、射箭、战斗之类满族原始状态的生产生活，也有的系模仿鹰、虎、熊等动作，其中多有传统舞蹈的元素。秧歌动作中的蹲、跺、盘、摆、颤等姿态丰富、刚劲豪放，具有鲜明的渔猎生活和八旗战斗生活的特色。其伴奏音乐借用了满族萨满跳神的打击乐形式，有“老三点”、“七棒”、“快鼓点”等演奏方式，与汉族秧歌有较大区别。抚顺地秧歌自清代以来一直在抚顺地区流传，深得群众喜爱。据1986年调查，当时尚有50个秧歌队在活动，然而目前渊源和传承人谱系较为清楚的只有4个秧歌队。
The most representative roles in Fushun District Yangge are the “Dazi Guan” (Tartar Official) wearing the dress of the Manchu and the “Kelitu” (commonly called the “Wai Dazi”, namely the External Tartar) wearing the leather jacket, string of bells as well as various necessities of life and hunting. The movements are mainly sourced from the primitive practices of the Manchu and include horse mounting, shooting arrows and battling, or imitating animals like eagles, tigers and bears. Many of the movements contain other elements of dance. With diversified bold and unconstrained postures like crouching, stamping, crossing legs, waving and shaking, the Yangge has distinct characteristics of hunting, battling and life of the “Eight Banners”. The accompaniment adopts the percussion music of the Manchu Shaman dance, such as “The Old Three Steps”, “Seven Bars” and “Fast Drum Beats”, and is quite different from Yangge of the Han Nationality. Fushun District Yangge has been popular in Fushun since the Qing Dynasty. According to a survey in 1986, 50 Yangge troupes still exist in China; however, only four of them have clear sources and lineage.
抚顺地秧歌在民间流传久远。由于环境变化、老艺人数量减少等原因，经常性的抚顺地秧歌活动已难于开展，表演的走阵、动作也有逐渐被简化的趋势，正濒临消亡，需要大力扶持。
Fushun District Yangge is a longstanding tradition among the people. Due to changes in the environment and the shrinking number of old artists, it has been difficult to carry out regular activities of Fushun District Yangge. Furthermore, its formation changes and movements have been gradually simplified. This dying art requires great efforts and support to ensure its conservation.
相关传承人：
Inheritor(s):
周贺华 于振江 杨克胜 吴英民 王发鞠 洪钧 李增恒 贺俊义 姚大新
Zhou Hehua, Yu Zhenjiang, Yang Kesheng, Wu Yingmin, Wang Faju, Hong Jun, Li Zengheng, He Junyi, and Yao Daxin