对外汉语学习网

  • Advanced Search
  • BookMark
  • Site Map
  • Rss Subscription
  • Set as Homepage
  • Tags
  • Tag List
  • Keywords List
Current Location: Homepage » Chinese Reading » Readings 汉语阅读 » Main Body

chinese reading - The Analects of Confucius 学而第一 (2)

Time:2014-08-31Source:Internet
Profile:Xue er is the first article of Lunyu which including 16 chapters. The content of Xue er touches upon on quite a few aspects about learning, daily practice for morals, friendships, etc. Let’s start to travel in those classic thoughts from more than 2000 ye
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

原文:

有子曰:“其为人也孝弟,而好犯上者,鲜矣;不好犯上,而好作乱者,未之有也。君子务本,本立而道生。孝弟也者,其为仁之本与!”

拼音:
有(yǒu)子(zǐ)曰(yuē):其  (qí)为  (wéi)人  (rén)也  (yě)孝  (xiào)悌  (tì), 而  (ér)好  (hào)犯  (fàn)上  (shàng)者  (zhě), 鲜  (xiǎn)矣  (yǐ);  不 ( bù ) 好  (hào)犯  (fàn)上  (shàng), 而  (ér)好  (hào)作  (zuò)乱  (luàn)者  (zhě), 未  (wèi)之  (zhī)有  (yǒu)也  (yě)。
 君 ( jūn ) 子  (zǐ)务  (wù)本  (běn), 本  (běn)立  (lì)而  (ér)道  (dào)生  (shēng);  孝 ( xiào ) 悌  (tì)也  (yě)者  (zhě), 其  (qí)为  (wéi)仁  (rén)之  (zhī)本  (běn)欤  (yú)。

翻译:
有子说:“那些孝顺(xiàoshùn,filial piety)父母(fùmǔ, parents),友爱 (yǒuài, love, friendly)兄弟(xiōngdi,brother)的人,很少有会冒犯(màofàn,offend)尊长(zūnzhang,senior) 的;不喜欢冒犯尊长而却会作乱的人,也未曾有过。君子致力于立身之根本,根本的东西确立了,行为规则(guīzé, rule,regulation)也就产生了,孝顺父母,友爱兄弟,正是仁(rén, humanity)之根本(gēnběn, root,foundation)。”

English:
The philosopher You said, “he who is filial toward his parents and obedient toward his elder brothers but is fond of opposing his superiors is rare indeed. He who is not fond of opposing his superiors, but is fond to raise a rebellion surely never exists. The gentleman devotes himself to the roots (=fundamentals). When the roots are well planted, the Way will grow. Filial piety and brotherly obedience are surely the roots of humaneness,aren’t they?”

扩展学习Extend study:
实词:
1)有子:孔子的学生,姓有,名若,比孔子小13岁,一说小33岁。后一说较为可信。在《论语》书中,记载的孔子学生,一般都称字,只有曾参和有若称“子”。因此,许多人认为《论语》即由曾参和有若所著述。
(2)孝弟:孝,奴隶社会时期所认为的子女对待父母的正确态度;弟,读音和意义与“悌”(音tì)相同,即弟弟对待兄长的正确态度。孝、弟是孔子和儒家特别提倡的两个基本道德规范。旧注说:善事父母曰孝,善事兄长曰弟。
(3)犯上:犯,冒犯、干犯。上,指在上位的人。
(4)鲜:音xiǎn,少的意思。《论语》书中的“鲜”字,都是如此用法。
(5)作乱: 发动叛乱;暴乱
(6)未之有也:此为“未有之也”的倒装句型。古代汉语的句法有一条规律,否定句的宾语若为代词,一般置于动词之前。
(7)务本:务,专心、致力于。本,根本。
(8)道:在中国古代思想里,道有多种含义。此处的道,指孔子提倡的仁道,即以仁为核心的整个道德思想体系及其在实际生活的体现。简单讲,就是治国做人的基本原则。
(9)为仁之本:仁是孔子哲学思想的最高范畴,又是伦理道德准则。为仁之本,即以孝悌作为仁的根本。还有一种解释,认为古代的“仁”就是“人”字,为仁之本即做人的根本。
虚词:
1. 也  其为人也孝弟   助词,用在句中,表示停顿
2. 与  其为仁之本与!   助词,多用于轻微的疑问,吗

Good
(0)
0%
Bad
(0)
0%

Hot Tags: learning chinese chinese reading


------分隔线---------- ------------------
[Read More]  Relevant comments