Hani Polyphonic Folk Song 哈尼族多声部民歌

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：民间音乐
Category: Folk Music
地区：云南
Region: Yunnan
编号：Ⅱ-30
Ref. No.: II-30
申报地区或单位：云南省红河哈尼族彝族自治州红河县
Nominating unit(s): Honghe County, Honghe Hani and Yi Nationalities Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province
哈尼族多声部民歌历史悠久，它主要流传于云南省红河哈尼族彝族自治州红河县以普春村为中心的数个哈尼族村落中。
Hani polyphonic folk song enjoys a long history and is mainly popular in several Hani villages centering on Puchun Village in Honghe County, Honghe Hani and Yi nationalities Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province.
哈尼族多声部民歌包括了歌颂劳动、赞美爱情、讴歌山野田园美景等方面的内容。曲目以《吾处阿茨》（栽秧山歌）和《情歌》最具代表性。演唱方式分为有乐器伴奏和无乐器伴奏人声帮腔两种.哈尼族多声部民歌的演唱场合多样化，梯田、山林和村寨都可以是其的表演空间。
The themes of Hani polyphonic folk song include the praise of labor, love, beautiful hilly rural area and the like. Some of its representatives are Wuchu A'ci (Mountain Song of Transplant Seedlings) and Love Song. Hani polyphonic folk song is performed in two modes. One is accompanied with instrument, and the other is not accompanied with instrument but supported by chorus. It can be sung in a great variety of occasions such as terraces, mountain forests and stockaded villages.
伴奏乐器均由民间歌手自己制作，三弦、小二胡只在普春村使用。
The accompanying instruments are all worked out by folk singers themselves, and the three-string and small two-stringed Chinese fiddle are only played in Puchun Village.
哈尼族多声部民歌的唱词结构以开腔用词、主题唱词、帮腔用词三部分构成一个小的基本段落，其音乐形态在歌节结构、调式音列、调式色彩、调式组合和多声部组成等方面都显示出鲜明的民族和地域特征。
The words of the beginning singing, subject singing and the chorus make up a basic short stanza. From perspectives of stanza structure, mode and tonic row, mode style, mode combination and polyphonic component, Hani polyphonic folk song displays distinctive national and regional characteristics.
哈尼族多声部民歌中凝聚着哈尼族的音乐智慧和才能，展现出哈尼族独特的演唱天赋。
Hani polyphonic folk song is a crystallization of the music wisdom and talent of Hani people, demonstrating their unique singing aptitude.
在田野考察过程中，有关专家已采录到8个声部的原生形态哈尼族多声部民歌，这极为罕见，具有很高的历史、科学和艺术价值。哈尼族多声部民歌是中华民族音乐的瑰宝，已引起国内外音乐界人士的广泛关注。
Through field study, relevant experts collected and recorded 8-tone primitive Hani polyphonic folk song which was rarely heard before, and which is highly valuable in historical, scientific and artistic aspects. Hani polyphonic folk song, the folk music treasure of Chinese nation, has attracted wide attention in the music industry at home and abroad.
哈尼族多声部民歌与社会生产，尤其是与梯田稻作农耕劳动相伴而生，它是研究哈尼族文化及其民族性格和审美观念的重要资料。
Created during social production, especially rice farming in terraced field, it provides significant information for studying the culture, ethnic character and aesthetic concepts of Hani people.
哈尼族多声部民歌深藏哀牢山系腹地，其传承完全依赖民间歌手，尽管它已引起音乐界、人类学界专家的广泛关注，但长期没有得到有组织、有计划的保护，具有多声部音乐综合素质的传承人日益减少，这一宝贵的民间音乐形式正处于失传的边缘。
Confined in the naturally enclosed environment of Ailao Mountain, Hani polyphonic folk song solely relies on folk singers in terms of its inheritance. Although it has aroused wide attention and concern from music men and anthropological experts, it has failed to deserve organized and planned protection for a long time, leading to a diminishing number of singers with overall polyphonic music quality. This valuable folk song is now on the brink of extinction.
相关传承人：
车格 陈习娘 郎加木 芒来 温桂元
Inheritor(s):
Che Ge, Chen Xiniang, Lang Jiamu, Mang Lai, and Wen Guiyuan.