Zhuxian Town New Year Wood-block Prints 朱仙镇木版年画

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：民间美术
Category: Folk Art
地区：河南
Region: Henan Province
编号：Ⅶ-7
Ref. No.: Ⅶ-7
申报地区或单位：河南省开封市
Nominating unit[s]: Kaifeng city, Henan Province
河南省开封市位于豫东平原。据《东京梦华录》记载，北宋时距开封城南二十多公里的朱仙镇就已有了木版年画。明清两代，朱仙镇的木版年画十分兴盛，作坊最多时达三百余家。清末民初朱仙镇木版年画开始衰落，大多数作坊迁回开封市内，于是开封又成为朱仙镇木版年画的生产与销售中心，城内出现了“天成”、“云记”、“汇川”等名噪一时的老字号年画作坊。1949年后，开封市先后成立了开封年画社、河南朱仙镇木版年画社等团体机构，对木版年画的传统工艺进行挖掘、整理。
Kaifeng City, Henan Province is located in the Eastern Henan Plain. According to the text "Reminiscences of the Eastern Capital", New Year wood-block prints have been found in Zhuxian Town, twenty kilometers south of Kaifeng, as early as the Northern Song Dynasty. Zhuxian Town New Year wood-block prints flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, when there were over three hundred workshops. But in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China era, the New Year wood-block prints industry began to decline in Zhuxian Town. At that point, most of the workshops moved back to Kaifeng, turning it into a new production and sales center for Zhuxian Town New Year wood-block prints, wher famous painting workshops such as "Tiancheng", "Yunji" and "Huichuan" began to rise. Since 1949, organizations such as Community of New Year Wood-block Prints of Kaifeng, Community of Zhuxian Town New Year Wood-block Prints of Henan and so on have been established in Kaifeng City, which has been committed to the excavation and sorting of the traditional craft of the New Year wood-block prints.
朱仙镇木版年画十分讲究用色，以矿物、植物作原料，自行手工磨制颜料，磨出的颜料色彩十分纯净，以之印制的年画明快鲜艳，久不褪色，构图饱满匀称，线条简练粗犷，造型古朴夸张，艺术风格独特。年画题材多源于脍炙人口的民间故事、神话传说和戏曲等，种类繁多，形象生动。
Zhuxian Town New Year wood-block prints are very particular about the colors used. Raw materials such as minerals and plants are manually ground into special pigments with a very pure color. Pictures printed with such pigment are bright and colorfast, featuring full and symmetrical composition, concise and rugged lines, simple and exaggerated shapes, and a unique art style. Themes of New Year wood-block prints are often inspired by a wide range of vivid figures in popular folk tales, myths, legends and dramas.
现在开封已挖掘、整理出年画老版二百二十余块，重新印制历史老版年画三百多套，并编印了《开封朱仙镇木版年画精选》、《朱仙镇木版年画珍藏本》、《朱仙镇木版年画故事集》等，为保护传统木版年画做了大量有益的工作。但是，目前大多数老艺人年事已高，其技艺无人传承，特别是传统的矿、植物颜色磨制方法已鲜为人知，如不及时加以保护，朱仙镇木版年画制作技艺很可能会彻底消亡。
Kaifeng has excavated and sorted out over two hundred and twenty old woodblocks, reprinted over three hundred old paintings, published the "Selection of New Year wood-block prints of Zhuxian Town in Kaifeng", "Collection of Precious Zhuxian Town New Year wood-block prints" and "Collection of Stories in Zhuxian Town New Year wood-block prints", and has done a lot of extra work to protect the traditional New Year wood-block prints. However, at present most of the old artists are at a senior age, and their skills are in danger of extinction, with the traditional pigment grinding method using minerals and plants known to few people. Without timely protection, Zhuxian Town New Year wood-block prints are likely to become extinct.