English
Japanese
Korean
French
German
Spanish
Italian
Arab
Portuguese
Vietnamese
Russian
Finnish
Thai
dk
乳腺癌史上最重要的时刻之一是在1974年美国第一夫人贝蒂.福特公开声明她接受了乳房切除手术，揭开了该病的神秘面纱并开创了一个人们警惕①乳腺癌的时代。
现在四十年过去了，另外一位重要的女士，演员安吉丽娜.朱莉再次引起了人们对于乳腺癌的重视，但此次她传递了一个更重要的信息。在基因方面有危险讯号的女士被准许接受双乳切除术以防止感染该病。本周二朱莉女士宣告②因为她遗传了癌症致病突变，由此决定接受双乳切除术。
一位医学史家说：“她是一位重量级的人物，考虑到她显赫的③地位和不仅为名人和漂亮的女人，她所做的一切将给其他女性带来重要的影响。”
乳腺癌方面的专家和拥护者赞成朱莉的做法，即她研究了她的选择并做出了明智的决定。这些乳腺癌方面的专家和拥护者专家说朱莉将给有乳腺癌家庭遗传史的女人带来影响而接受基因测试。
但也有一些医生对此表示担忧④，他们认为朱莉揭露自己的病史或许会被很多女士误解，对很多早期的乳腺癌患者来说，乳房切除术并非必须。
朱莉女士的决定遗传了BRCA突变基因的女人面临的痛苦的、进退两难的决定。
美国休斯顿的安德森癌症中心的外壳肿瘤专家Isabelle Bedrosian博士是反对非高危遗传女性即接受双乳切除术方面的批评家。但是她希望朱莉女士的决定可以引导女性使其将注意力集中在基因咨询与做出明智决定上。Bedrosian博士说：“我认为此事也有积极的一面，即女性可能会更关注他们的家族遗传病史。我们有必要意识到，一个信息并不是普适的。安吉丽娜的情况非常独特⑤。人们不应太快地就说，‘我应该像她那样做。’因为你（的情况）可能不同于她的。”
词语解释 Notes to the Words:
① 警惕: v. to warn
② 宣告: v. to announce
③ 显赫的: adj. prominent
④ 担忧: n. worry
⑤ 独特: adj. unique
One of the defining moments in the history of breast cancer occurred in 1974 when the first lady, Betty Ford, spoke openly about her mastectomy, lifting a veil of secrecy from the disease and ushering in a new era of breast cancer awareness.
Now four decades later, another leading lady — the actress Angelina Jolie — has focused public attention on breast cancer again, but this time with an even bolder message: A woman at genetic risk should feel empowered to remove both breasts as a way to prevent the disease. Ms. Jolie revealed on Tuesday that because she carries a cancer-causing mutation, she has had a double mastectomy.
"She’s the biggest name of all, and I think given her prominence and her visibility not only as a famous person but also a beautiful actress, it’s going to carry a lot of weight for women," a medical historian said.
Breast cancer experts and advocates applauded the manner in which Ms. Jolie explored her options and made informed decisions, saying it might influence some women with strong family histories of breast cancer to get genetic tests.
But some doctors also expressed worry that her disclosure could be misinterpreted by other women, fueling the trend toward mastectomies that are not medically necessary for many early-stage breast cancers.
Ms. Jolie’s decision highlights the painful dilemma facing women with BRCA mutations.
Dr. Isabelle Bedrosian, a surgical oncologist at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, has been a vocal critic of the trend toward double mastectomy among women who are not at high genetic risk. However, she hopes the decision by Ms. Jolie will focus women on the value of genetic counseling and making informed decisions.
“I think there is an important upside to the story, and that is that women will hopefully be more curious about their family history,” Dr. Bedrosian said. “We need to be careful that one message does not apply to all. Angelina’s situation is very unique. People should not be quick to say ‘I should do like she did,’ because you may not be like her.”