Ziyang Folk Songs 紫阳民歌

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：民间音乐
Category: Folk Music
地区：陕西
Region: Shaanxi province
编号：Ⅱ-18
Ref. No.: Ⅱ-18
申报地区或单位：陕西省紫阳县
Nominating unit [s]: Ziyang county, Shaanxi province
紫阳民歌是流传在陕西省紫阳县境内的一种具有浓郁陕南地方色彩的民间歌曲。紫阳位于陕南中部，因道教南派创始人紫阳真人张伯端而得名。我国古代最早的诗歌总集《诗经》中"周南"和"召南"部分25首歌谣的流传地主要就在包括紫阳在内的汉水上游，紫阳民歌在朝代更迭的过程中，伴随着人们种种生活习俗的形成发展而逐渐成熟，于明清达到鼎盛。
Ziyang folk songs, popular in the Ziyang county of Shaanxi province, have the distinctive flavour of south Shaanxi province. Located in the middle of south Shaanxi, Ziyang was named after Ziyang Master Zhang Boduan, the initiator of the southern branch of Taoism. In Zhounan and Zhaonan sections of the Book of Songs, the earliest collection of poems in ancient China, there are 25 songs that were popular mainly in the regions of the upper reaches of Hanshui River, Ziyang County included. Over the course of the change of dynasties, Ziyang folk songs gradually became developed with the formation and development of local customs and reached its peak during the Ming and Qing dynasties.
紫阳民歌藏量极为丰富，所发现曲目总数已达5028首，编印成册的有828首，体裁包括号子、山歌和小调几大类，其中又包含了社火歌曲、风俗歌曲、宗教歌曲、曲子等不同歌种。由于积蕴深厚、传唱广泛，紫阳县被文化部命名为"民歌之乡"。
The reserves of Ziyang folk songs are very rich, and its total repertoire has reached 5,028 pieces, with 828 of them written down for posterity. Its genre includes haozi, mountain songs and ditties, including some other kinds like Shehuo (Social Fire) songs, local custom songs, religious songs, Quzi (tune), etc. As Ziyang folk songs are profound and widely sung, Ziyang County has been awarded the title of Home to Folk Songs by the National Ministry of Culture.
紫阳民歌流传久远，其歌词借喻巧妙，风趣幽默，有较高的文学价值；所用方言似川、似楚，韵味独具；其旋律优美婉转，高腔唱法中游移于调式音级间的色彩性颤音唱法具有独特的价值。紫阳民歌的传承直接依托于各种民俗活动，反映出丰富的民俗文化内容。紫阳民歌的代表性曲目有《郎在对门唱山歌》、《唱山歌》、《洗衣裳》、《南山竹子》等。紫阳民歌对于丰富中华民族音乐宝库、弘扬中华民族音乐文化有不可低估的作用。
Ziyang folk songs have been circulated for a long time, and they are very humorous by means of metonymy, and have great literary value. The unique dialect used is similar to the Sichuan dialect, Hunan dialect and Hubei dialect. The color-rich tremblo in high-pitched tunes make them melodious and special. Rooted in folk activities, they display rich local customs and culture. Representative pieces of them include Lad Singing Opposite, Chang Shange (Sing Mountain Songs), Xi Yishang (Doing Laundry), and Nanshan Zhuzi (Bamboo on the South Mountain), etc. It has great significance to the enrichment and extension of Chinese national music.