Bilingual News 双语资讯 - 饮用含糖饮料可致肾结石

Sugary Drinks Tied to Kidney Stone Risk
饮用含糖饮料可致肾结石

Adults who drink at least one sugar-sweetened drink a day are slightly more likely to develop kidney stones than people who rarely imbibe them, according to a new study.
最新研究表明，每天饮用含糖饮料的成年人其患有肾结石的几率比很少①喝此类饮料的人要高。

While the recommendation for kidney stone prevention has been to drink a lot of fluids, the study suggests that it's not just the amount of fluid but the type of drink that also matters.
对于罹患肾结石的病人常被建议多喝水。但是研究表明，饮用何种饮料而非饮水量才是问题的关键。

Dr. Gary Curhan, the senior author of the study, said patients often ask for dietary advice to help prevent kidney stones.
此研究的第一作者Gary Curhan博士说，病人经常询问有关防止患有肾结石病的饮食建议。

While the recommendation has been to drink plenty of fluids, Curhan said, patients often ask, "what should I drink? There's a lot of lore out there."
在建议人们饮用充足的液体时，Curhan说："我应该喝什么？这有很多学问②。"

To see whether the type of beverage might matter, Curhan, of the Channing Division of Network Medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital, and his colleagues collected data from three massive surveys of nearly 200,000 people.
要了解此类饮料是否对（患有肾结石）起作用，布里格姆与妇女医院的大夫Curhan和他的同事对近20万人进行了问卷调查，并收集了调查数据。

The questionnaires surveyed participants every two to four years and asked about diet, lifestyle and health, including how much they drank certain beverages and whether they developed kidney stones.
问卷调查了二至四年内人们的饮食、生活方式和健康状况，包括他们喝多少特定的③饮料及是否他们患有肾结石。

None of the people in the study had kidney stones at the start.
研究开始时无人得肾结石病。

They found that 159 out of every 100,000 people who drank a sugar-sweetened non-cola beverage, such as clear soda, less than once a week developed kidney stones, compared to 306 out of every 100,000 who drank soda daily.
他们发现每10万人中有159人患有肾结石，这159人每周喝少于一次的非可乐饮料如透明的苏打水。与之形成对比的是每10万人中有306人患有肾结石，他们每周喝一次苏打水。

After accounting for other factors, that translated to a 33 percent greater chance of developing kidney stones.
排除其他因素④，这说明每周喝一次苏打水比每周喝少于一次苏打水的人患有肾结石的几率高33%。

Frequent punch drinkers also had an 18 percent higher chance of developing kidney stones.
经常猛喝饮料的人患有肾结石的几率更是要高出18%。

For every 100,000 people who drank punch at least every day, 226 developed kidney stones, compared to 158 out of every 100,000 participants who had punch less than once a week.
每10万人中每天至少暴饮一次的，226人患有肾结石，而每10万人中每周暴饮少于一次的，仅有158人患有肾结石。

Other drinks, such as coffee, tea, wine, beer and orange juice were tied to a lower risk of developing kidney stones.
其他饮料如咖啡、茶、红酒、啤酒和橙汁致使人们罹患肾结石的几率要小一些。

For instance, 205 out of every 100,000 people who rarely drank coffee developed kidney stones, compared to 137 out of every 100,000 people who drank it daily.
例如，每10万很少喝咖啡的人中有205人患有肾结石，与之相比的是每10万天天喝咖啡的人仅有137人患有肾结石。

Just 96 out of every 100,000 people who drank red wine daily developed kidney stones, while 174 out of every 100,000 people who drank red wine less than once a week developed kidney stones.
每10万天天喝红酒的人中，仅有96人患有肾结石，与之相比的是每10万每周喝少于一次红酒的人中，有174人患有肾结石。

Curhan's study, published in the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, follows others showing a link between stones and fructose, non-dairy calcium, vitamin C supplements and other factors.
Curhan的研究结果发布在《美国肾脏学会临床期刊》上，研究表明结石与果糖、非奶制的钙、维他命C的替代品⑤和其他因素有关。

The new study doesn't prove cause-and-effect between certain drinks and kidney stones, but it's possible that sugar could be involved, Curhan said, because it might play a role in how the body handles calcium.
新的研究尚不能证明特定饮料与肾结石有因果关系，但是Curhan说，糖分与人体结石有关，因为它影响了人体对钙质的吸收。

Another possibility is that sugary drinks might be contributing to obesity, and obesity is also tied to a higher kidney stone risk, said Dr. Elaine Worcester, a professor at the University of Chicago, who was not part of the study.
芝加哥大学教授Elaine Worcester博士虽没参与此次研究，但他说，另外一种可能性是饮用糖分可致使肥胖，而肥胖增加了罹患肾结石的风险。

Despite the lack of proof of a cause-effect relationship, Worcester said "these kinds of studies are the best we have to give advice to our patients."
尽管缺乏因果关系的证明，Worcester先生说："此类研究是我们能给我们的病人最好的建议。"

词语解释 Notes to the Words：
① 很少率：adv. rarely
② 学问：n. lore
③ 特定的：adj. certain
④ 因素：n. factor
⑤ 替代品：n. supplement
⑥ 肥胖：n. obesity