Napo Zhuang Folk Songs 那坡壮族民歌

时间：2006年
Time: 2006
类别：民间音乐
Category: Folk Music
地区：广西
Region: Guangxi Province
编号：Ⅱ-32
Ref. No.: II-32
申报地区或单位：广西壮族自治区那坡县
Nominating unit[s]: Napo County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
黑衣壮是壮族中具有奇特色彩的一个族群，自称"敏"、"仲"、"嗷"，现约有5.18万人，因着装全黑而得名，主要居住在位于中越边境的广西那坡县。那坡壮族民歌是他们历代传唱的民歌。在历史长河中，黑衣壮至今仍保存着古朴完整、多姿多彩的民间歌谣，并被誉为"广西民族音乐富矿"和壮族民歌的"活化石"。
Heiyi ("Black garment") Zhuang is an extraordinary ethnic group of Zhuang, and its people style themselves "Min", "Zhong" or "Ao". It is so called for black garments in which its people are usually dressed. Heiyi Zhuang people, with a population of 51,800, live in Napo County, Guangxi Province, the frontier of China adjacent to Vietnam. Napo Zhuang folk songs were handed down generation by generation. In the long course of history, Heiyi Zhuang people retained these traditional, plain, complete and various ballads till today. They are dubbed as the "Rich Mine of Guangxi Folk Music" and "Living Fossil" of Zhuang nationality folk songs.
历史悠久的那坡壮族民歌按不同的声调可分为"虽敏"、"论"、"哎的呀"、"春牛调"、"请仙歌"和"盘锐"六大种类约一百六十多套。代表性曲目有《虽待客》、《论造》、《酒歌》、《盘歌》、《祭祖歌》等。在内容上，那坡壮族民歌主要有神话传说、人物传记、环境变迁、历史事件等的叙事歌；倾吐苦难、控诉压迫的苦情歌；反映自然、生活经历的农事歌；向往美景的赞颂歌；接人待物的礼仪歌；表现传统习惯的风俗歌；吊唁奔丧的祭祀歌；庆祝婚嫁满月、新居落成、老人生日的祝酒歌。而最为丰富的是情歌，包含着抒情、初恋、连情、逗情、赌情、定情、盟誓、赞美、相思、忠贞、离情、叮咛、痛惜、怀旧、重逢、苦情、叹情、斗情、白头偕老等二十多种内容。
By tune, the time-honored Napo Zhuang Folk Songs can be classified into more than 160 sets in 6 categories, namely, "Suimin", "Lun", "Aideya", "Chunniudiao", "Qingxiange" and "Panrui". Representative musical works are Sui Dai Ke, Lun Zao, Song for Happy Drinking (or Jiu Ge), Pan Ge, Song for Ancestor Worship (or Ji Zu Ge), etc. As to contents, Napo Zhuang folk songs are composed of narrative songs such as myths, legends, biographies, environmental changes and historical events, plight songs expressing hardship and complaining crackdown, farming songs reflecting nature and life experiences, glorification songs longing for beautiful scenery, etiquette songs describing hosting guests, custom songs introducing traditional customs, sacrifice songs for condolence and funeral, toasting songs for celebrating a wedding, a baby's completion of its first month of life, a new house built, birthday of an elder. What the most diversified are love songs of more than 20 varieties concerning lyric, first love, feeling sharing, flirting, betting on love, love-promise, making commitments, praise, love-sick, loyalty, departing sentiment, urging again and again, deep regret, reminiscence, reunio, plight, sigh for love, fighting for love, growing old together.
在漫长的发展过程中，那坡壮族民歌形成了与民间习俗相依存、程序相对稳定、内容丰富多彩以及原生性等特征。除了具有交际、宣传、教育、娱乐等作用外，那坡壮族民歌同时具有历史价值、学术价值、艺术价值和实用价值，它是壮族远古歌谣文化的遗存。
In the long course of its development, Napo Zhuang folk music has developed such features as interdependence with folk customs, relative stability of procedures, rich contents and primitiveness. Napo Zhuang folk songs play an important role in communication, promotion, education and entertainment. Besides, it is also of historical, academic, artistic and pragmatic values. It is the legacy of ancient Zhuang ballad culture.
由于赖以生存、发展的文化空间发生了变革，传承的主要途径正在消失、活动场地逐渐缩小、师承断层等原因，黑衣壮歌谣面临着严峻的传承危机。因此，拯救、挖掘、整理、保护黑衣壮歌谣，已经刻不容缓。
Due to changes in the cultural environment in which they survive and develop, the gradual loss of major inheriting approaches, less places for performance, and shortage of successors, Heiyi Zhuang ballads are facing a serious crisis in terms of inheritance. Hence, urgent measures are required to save, exploit, reorganize and protect them.
相关传承人：
Inheritor(s):
罗景超
Luo Jingchao